Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Computer ____ entails having the knowledge and understanding of
computers and their uses.
a. literacy
c. legitimacy
b. intimacy
d. infancy
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 5
2. A(n) ____ is an electronic device, operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own
memory, that can accept data, process the data according to specified
rules, produce results, and store
the results for future use.
a. input device
c. output device
b. computer
d. both a and c
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 6
3. ____ is a collection of unprocessed items, which can include text,
numbers, images, audio, and video.
a. Data
c. Information
b. Output
d. Input
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 6
4. ____ conveys meaning and is useful to one or more people.
a. Data
c. Input
b. Information
d. Output
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 6
5. A(n) ____ device is any hardware component that allows you to enter
data and instructions into a com-
puter.
a. output
c. input
b. communications
d. terminal
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 6
6. Some people refer to the series of input, process, output, and
storage activities as the ____ processing
cycle.
a. data
c. output
b. input
d. information
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 6
7. A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical
components known as ____.
a. software
c. output
b. input devices
d. hardware
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 6
8. The ____ unit is a case that contains electronic components of the
computer that are used to process
data.
a. control
c. arithmetic
b. system
d. base
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 7
9. The ____ is the electronic component that interprets and carries out
the basic instructions that operate
the computer.
a. motherboard
c. processor
b. control unit
d. arithmetic unit
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 7
10. ____ consists of electronic components that store instructions
waiting to be executed and data needed
by those instructions.
a. The processor
c. The control unit
b. The CPU
d. Memory
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 7
11. A(n) ____ device is any hardware component that conveys information
to one or more people.
a. input
c. terminal
b. communications
d. output
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 7
12. A computer keeps data, instructions, and information on ____ media
such as USB flash drives, CDs,
DVDs, memory cards, and hard disks like the one shown in the
accompanying figure.
a. storage
c. communications
b. input
ANS: A
d. output
PTS: 1
REF: 8
13. A(n) ____ device records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to
and from a USB flash drive, for ex-
ample.
a. USB
c. indexing
b. storage
d. dynamic
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 8
14. A hard disk provides much ____.
a. less storage capacity than a CD
b. less storage capacity than a USB flash drive
c. greater storage capacity than a CD but less than a USB flash drive
d. greater storage capacity than a USB flash drive
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 8
15. A widely used communications device is a ____.
a. modem
c. USB flash drive
b. CD drive
d. DVD drive
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 8
16. A(n) ____ device is a hardware component that enables a computer to
send (transmit) and receive data,
instructions, and information to and from one or more computers.
a. reading
c. communications
b. transmitting
d. reception
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 8
17. A computing phrase — known as ____ — points out that the accuracy
of a computer’s output depends
on the accuracy of the input.
a. what you see is what you get
c. nothing ventured, nothing gained
b. garbage in, garbage out
d. better safe than sorry
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 9
18. All of the following are advantages of using computers except ____.
a. speed
c. communications
b. impact on labor force
d. consistency
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 9
19. A(n) ____ is anyone who communicates with a computer or utilizes
the information it generates.
a. user
c. manager
b. editor
d. programmer
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 9
20. ____ computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and
environmental waste generated when
using a computer.
a. Green
c. Streamlined
b. Universal
d. Comprehensive
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 10
21. A(n) ____ is a collection of computers and devices connected
together as shown in the accompanying
figure via communications devices and transmission media.
a. client base
c. network
b. baseline
d. server farm
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 10
22. Networks, such as that pictured in the accompanying figure, allow
computers to share ____, such as
hardware, software, data, and information.
a. resources
c. links
b. systems
d. media
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 10
23. When a computer connects to a network, such as that pictured in the
accompanying figure, the com-
puter is ____.
a. linked
c. resourced
b. inline
d. online
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 10
24. On a network, the major differences between the server (like the
one in the accompanying figure) and
client computers is that the server ordinarily has ____.
a. less power, less storage space, and decreased communication
capabilities
b. less power, less storage space, but expanded communication
capabilities
c. more power, more storage space, but decreased communication
capabilities
d. more power, more storage space, and expanded communication
capabilities
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 10
25. A(n) ____ like the one in the accompanying figure controls access
to the hardware, software, and other
resources on a network and also provides a centralized storage area for
programs, data, and informa-
tion.
a. server
c. client
b. mainframe
d. terminal
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 25
26. The ____ is a worldwide collection of networks that connects
millions of businesses, government
agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.
a. Web
c. Newsnet
b. Telnet
d. Internet
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 11
27. People around the world use the Internet to ____.
a. communicate with and meet other people
b. shop for goods and services
c. access sources of information and leisure
d. all of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 12
28. In ____, people can communicate with multiple users at the same
time — much like a group discus-
sion.
a. e-mail
c. a chat room
b. instant messaging
d. file transfer
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 12
29. A Web site is ____.
a. a collection of related Web pages
b. the location from which a Web page originates
c. the source of a Web page
d. an author of a Web page
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 13
30. The ____, which contains billions of documents called Web pages, is
one of the more popular services
on the Internet.
a. Telnet
c. Newsnet
b. Web
d. Web server
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 13
31. At a photo sharing ____, users can create an online photo album and
store their digital photographs.
a. exchange
c. community
b. market
d. application
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 14
32. ____ consist(s) of a series of instructions that tells the computer
what to do and how to do it.
a. GUIs
c. Sharing communities
b. Storage utilities
d. Software
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 15
33. With a(n) ____, users interact with the software using text,
graphics, and visual images such as icons.
a. GUI
c. HUI
b. DUI
d. BUI
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 15
34. You interact with a program through its ____, which controls how
you enter data and instructions and
how information is displayed on the screen.
a. operating system
c. user interface
b. storage
d. icon
ANS: C
PTS: 1
35. Two categories of software are ____.
a. operating system and system software
b. system software and utility programs
c. utility programs and operating systems
REF: 15
d. system software and application software
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 15
36. ____ is the process of setting up the software to work with the
computer, printer, and other hardware
components.
a. Running
c. Loading
b. Installing
d. Leading
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 16
37. The trend of computers and devices with technologies that overlap
is known as ____.
a. indexing
c. concatenation
b. coalescence
d. convergence
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 18
38. Popular programming languages include ____.
a. C++
c. JavaScript
b. Visual C#
d. All of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 18
39. A(n) ____ computer is a computer that can perform all of its input,
processing, output, and storage
activities by itself.
a. mainline
c. personal
b. mainframe
d. terminal
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 19
40. The term, ____, refers to any personal computer based on the
original IBM personal computer design.
a. Macintosh
c. clone
b. PC-friendly
d. PC-compatible
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 19
41. A(n) ____ computer is a type of personal computer designed so the
system unit, input devices, and any
other devices fit entirely on or under a desk or table.
a. desktop
c. encapsulated
b. mobile
d. handheld
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 20
42. A ____ computer targets a specific audience and offers high-quality
audio, video, and graphics with
optimal performance for sophisticated single-user and networked or
Internet multiplayer games.
a. multiplayer
c. handheld
b. gaming desktop
d. All of the above
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 20
43. A(n) ____ computer is a personal computer that users can carry from
place to place.
a. integrated
c. mobile
b. desktop
d. encapsulated
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 20
44. A(n) ____ computer is a portable, personal computer designed to fit
on your lap.
a. handtop
b. desktop
ANS: D
c. PDA
d. notebook
PTS: 1
REF: 20
45. Some mobile devices are ____, meaning they can connect to the
Internet wirelessly.
a. Internet-enabled
c. active
b. hotspots
d. mobile
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 21
46. Examples of mobile technology include all of the following EXCEPT
____.
a. digital cameras
c. smart phones
b. portable media players
d. servers
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 21
47. Which of the following is NOT true of mobile devices?
a. You often can connect a mobile device to a personal computer to
exchange information
between the computer and the mobile device.
b. Some mobile devices are Internet-enabled, meaning they can connect
to the Internet wire-
lessly.
c. Mobile devices usually have disk drives.
d. Because of their reduced size, the screens on mobile devices are
small, but usually are in
color.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 21
48. Offering the convenience of one-handed operation, a(n) ____ phone
is an Internet-enabled telephone
that usually also provides PDA capabilities.
a. text
c. instant
b. smart
d. messaging
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 21
49. Each of the following is a popular type of mobile device except
____.
a. handheld computers
c. smart phones
b. PDAs
d. mainframes
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 21
50. Resembling a letter-sized slate, the ____ PC is a special type of
notebook computer that allows users
to write or draw on the screen.
a. Tablet
c. Slate
b. Letter
d. Matrix
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 21
51. With a(n) ____, users write on the screen or issue instructions to
a Tablet PC, for example, by tapping
on the screen.
a. graphic tool
c. digital pen
b. stylus
d. keypad
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 21
52. A(n) ____ is a computer small enough to fit in one hand.
a. PDM
b. uPX
ANS: D
c. LPM
d. UMPC
PTS: 1
REF: 22
53. A ____ provides personal organizer functions such as a calendar,
appointment book, address book, cal-
culator, and notepad.
a. PPA
c. PSA
b. PDA
d. mainframe
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 22
54. A(n) ____ message is a real-time Internet communication, where you
exchange messages with other
connected users.
a. video
c. instant
b. camera
d. photo
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 22
55. Standard ____ use a handheld controller(s) as an input device; a
television screen as an output device;
and hard disks, CDs, DVDs, and/or memory cards for storage.
a. game consoles
c. smart phones
b. ultra personal computers
d. servers
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 24
56. A(n) ____ console is a mobile computing device designed for
single-player or multiplayer video
games.
a. video
c. entertainment
b. multimedia
d. game
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 24
57. ____ are large, expensive, powerful computers that can handle
hundreds or thousands of connected
users simultaneously and store tremendous amounts of data,
instructions, and information.
a. Embedded computers
c. Mainframes
b. Supercomputers
d. Mobile devices
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 25
58. ____ are the fastest, most powerful computers — and the most
expensive.
a. Desktop computers
c. Midrange servers
b. Notebook computers
d. Supercomputers
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 25
59. Most major corporations use ____ for business activities.
a. embedded computers
c. mainframes
b. supercomputers
d. mobiles devices
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 25
60. ____ are capable of processing more than 1 quadrillion instructions
in a single second.
a. Desktop computers
c. Midrange servers
b. Notebook computers
d. Supercomputers
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 25
61. Because ____ are components in larger products, they usually are
small and have limited hardware.
a. telematics
c. handhelds
b. embedded computers
d. smart watches
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 26
62. A(n) ____ computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as
a component in a larger product.
a. hard-coded
c. soft
b. embedded
d. indexed
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 26
63. Together, hardware, software, data, people, and procedures comprise
a(n) ____ system.
a. telematics
c. smart
b. comprehensive
d. information
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 27
64. All of the following are categories of users EXCEPT ____.
a. home users
c. mobile users
b. enterprise users
d. communications users
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 28
65. At home, every family member, or home ____, spends time on the
computer for different reasons.
a. player
c. manager
b. user
d. surfer
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 28
66. With ____ software, a home user can play games, compose music,
research genealogy, or create greet-
ing cards.
a. reference
c. entertainment
b. educational
d. systems
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 29
67. ____ include local law practices, accounting firms, travel
agencies, and florists.
a. Mobile users
c. Large business users
b. Small offices
d. Power users
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 30
68. A(n) ____ includes any company with fewer than 50 employees, as
well as the self-employed who
work from home.
a. large business user
c. SOHO
b. enterprise user
d. Any of the above
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 30
69. Many small office/home office users have entered the ____ arena and
conduct business on the Web.
a. Web cam
c. enterprise
b. e-commerce
d. reselling
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 30
70. Small business Web sites sometimes use a(n) ____ to show the world
a live view of some aspect of
their business.
a. camera pill
c. Web cam
b. dynamic vid
d. IT camera
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 30
71. Increasingly more employees and students are ____ users, who work
on a computer while away from a
main office or school.
a. SOHO
c. mobile
b. power
d. key
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 31
72. A(n) ____ user is a category of user that requires the capabilities
of a workstation or other powerful
computer.
a. SOHO
c. mobile
b. power
d. key
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 31
73. Many large companies use the term, ____ computing, to refer to the
huge network of computers that
meets their diverse computing needs.
a. diversity
c. corporate
b. enterprise
d. leadership
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 32
74. ____ is a work arrangement in which employees work away from a
company’s standard workplace
and often communicate with the office through the computer.
a. CAM
c. Telemetrics
b. Mobile labor
d. Telecommuting
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 32
75. Each employee or customer who uses a computer in a large business
is a(n) ____ user.
a. multinational
c. global
b. telematic
d. enterprise
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 32
76. In a large business, the employees in the ____ department keep the
computers and the network run-
ning.
a. IT
c. accounting
b. Web
d. system
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 32
77. With ____, users access account balances, pay bills, and copy
monthly transactions from a bank’s
computer right into their personal computers.
a. online investing
c. neural networks
b. online banking
d. All of the above
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 34
78. Investors often use ____ to buy and sell stocks and bonds — without
using a broker.
a. online investing
b. online banking
ANS: A
c. neural networks
d. All of the above
PTS: 1
REF: 35
79. A(n) ____ is a system that attempts to imitate the behavior of the
human brain.
a. human webnet
c. neural network
b. online matrix
d. cerebral terminal
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 36
80. ____ refers to the use of computers to assist with manufacturing
processes such as fabrication and as-
sembly.
a. CAM
c. POS
b. CAP
d. TAC
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 38
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. ____ is a main component on the motherboard.
a. The input system
c. The output device
b. The processor
d. Memory
ANS: B, D
PTS: 1
REF: 7
2. Some transmission media like ____ are wireless, which means they
have no physical lines or wires.
a. satellites
c. cellular radio networks
b. WANs
d. LANs
ANS: A, C
PTS: 1
REF: 8
3. Most operating systems include several utility programs for managing
____.
a. RAM
c. the microprocessor
b. disk drives
d. printers
ANS: B, D
PTS: 1
REF: 16
4. Popular application software includes ____ software.
a. word processing
c. database
b. spreadsheet
d. presentation graphics
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 16
5. Programmers use a ____ to create computer programs.
a. programming language
c. binary interface
b. program development tool
d. user management device
ANS: A, B
PTS: 1
REF: 18
6. A category into which industry experts typically classify computers
is ____.
a. microframes
c. personal computers
b. enhanced computers
d. supercomputers
ANS: C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 18
7. A personal computer contains ____.
a. processor
b. a storage device
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
c. memory
d. an input device
REF: 19
8. Most notebook computers can operate on ____.
a. recycled energy
c. convergence
b. batteries
d. power supply
ANS: B, D
PTS: 1
REF: 20
9. Most PDAs offer a variety of application software, including ____
software.
a. word processing
c. spreadsheet
b. personal finance
d. supercomputing application
ANS: A, B, C
PTS: 1
10. A terminal is a device with ____.
a. a monitor
b. a keyboard
ANS: A, B, D
PTS: 1
REF: 22
c. a server
d. memory
REF: 25
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. The average USB flash drive can hold more than 320 billion
characters.
_________________________
ANS: F, hard disk
PTS: 1
REF: 8
2. Hundreds of thousands of people today use podcasts to publish their
thoughts on the Web.
_________________________
ANS: F, blogs
PTS: 1
REF: 14
3. Blogs are a popular way people verbally share information on the Web.
_________________________
ANS: F, Podasts
PTS: 1
REF: 14
4. Terminal software serves as the interface between the user, the
application, and the computer hard-
ware. _________________________
ANS: F, System
PTS: 1
REF: 15
5. Windows Vista is an example of a(n) utility program.
_________________________
ANS: F, operating system
PTS: 1
REF: 15
6. HTPCs cost more than a basic desktop computer.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 20
7. A text message usually is between 300 to 600 characters.
_________________________
ANS: F, fewer than 300
PTS: 1
REF: 22
8. Cameras small enough to swallow — sometimes called a cochlear
implant — take pictures inside your
body. _________________________
ANS: F, camera pill
PTS: 1
REF: 37
9. Industries use computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) to reduce product
development costs, shorten a
product’s time to market, and stay ahead of the competition.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 38
10. Often, robots carry out processes in a CAM environment.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 38
TRUE/FALSE
1. Computers are a primary means of communications for billions of
people.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 4
2. Computers process information (output) into data (input).
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 6
3. Communications has become an essential element of the information
processing cycle.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 6
4. A printer displays text, graphics, and videos on a screen.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 7
5. Some portable devices, such as digital cameras, use memory cards as
the storage media.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 8
6. Storage devices like the hard drive shown in the accompanying figure
often function as a source of in-
put because they transfer items from storage to memory.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 8
7. To discard an old computer safely, put it in a landfill.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 10
8. A client controls access to the resources on a network.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 10
9. In many networks, one or more computers act as a server.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 10
10. The world’s largest computer network is the Web.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 11
11. The user interface controls how data and instructions are entered
and how information displays on the
screen.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 15
12. The two categories of software are system software and utility
software.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 15
13. A pod is a miniature image such as that shown in the accompanying
figure that represents a program,
an instruction, or some other object.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 15
14. The application system provides a means for users to communicate
with the computer and other soft-
ware.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 15
15. When a user starts a computer, portions of the operating system
load into the computer’s hard disk
from memory.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 15
16. A utility program allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks
related to managing a computer, its
devices, or its programs.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 16
17. When a computer is purchased, it seldom has any software
preinstalled on its hard disk.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 16
18. Once in memory, the computer can carry out, or load, the
instructions in the program.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 17
19. Programmers develop programs or write the instructions that direct
the computer to process data into
information.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 18
20. The distinction among categories of computers is always clear-cut.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 18
21. PC and PC-compatible computers usually use the Macintosh operating
system (Mac OS).
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 19
22. Some desktop computers function as a server on a network.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 20
23. Notebook computers generally are less expensive than desktop
computers with equal capabilities.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 20
24. On a typical notebook computer, the monitor is on top of the system
unit, and the keyboard attaches to
the system unit with hinges.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 20
25. Some mobile devices are Internet-enabled so users can check e-mail
and access the Internet.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 21
26. In addition to basic telephone capabilities, a smart phone allows
users to send and receive e-mail and
access the Web.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 21
27. A standard game console is small enough to fit in one hand, making
it more portable than a handheld
game console.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 24
28. Servers like the one in the accompanying figure typically support
only one computer at a time.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 25
29. Mainframes store only small amounts of data, instructions, and
information.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 25
30. Mainframes can act as a server on a network environment.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 25
31. With weights that exceed 100 tons, desktop computers can store more
than 20,000 times the data and
information than an average supercomputer.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 25
32. Applications requiring complex, sophisticated mathematical
calculations use supercomputers.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 25
33. All IT applications should have readily available documented
procedures.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 27
34. Today’s homes seldom have any desktop computers.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 29
35. Examples of mobile users include engineers, scientists, architects,
desktop publishers, and graphic
artists.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 31
36. Software used by power users usually is inexpensive because of its
generic design.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 31
37. Enterprises rarely have e-commerce Web sites.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 32
38. Some enterprises use blogs to open communications among employees,
customers, and/or vendors.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 32
39. Employees that telecommute have rigid work schedules that prevent
them from combining work and
personal responsibilities.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 32
40. Hardware requirements for a small office/home office (SOHO) user
include game consoles.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 33
41. More than 95 percent of colleges offer some type of distance
learning classes.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 34
42. Finance software usually includes a variety of online services.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 34
43. With online investing, the transaction fee for each trade usually
is much more than when trading
through a broker.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 35
44. Nearly every area of health care uses computers.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 36
45. An exciting development in health care is telemedicine, which is a
form of long-distance health care.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 36
46. Breakthroughs in surgery, medicine, and treatments seldom result
from scientists’ use of computers.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 36
47. The capability of the computer to recognize spoken words is a
direct result of scientific experimenta-
tion with cochlear implants.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 36
48. Many publishers make the content of magazines and newspapers
available online.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 37
49. Vehicles manufactured today often include some type of onboard
navigation system.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 38
50. Airlines do not provide online access.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 38
COMPLETION
1. As computers have become a part of everyday life, many people
believe that ____________________
is/are vital to success.
ANS: computer literacy
PTS: 1
REF: 5
2. Computers process data into ____________________.
ANS: information
PTS: 1
REF: 6
3. ____________________ is/are the steps that tell the computer how to
perform a particular task.
ANS: Instructions
PTS: 1
REF: 6
4. Of keyboards, mice, scanners, microphones, digital camera, and
printer, the only one that is not a
widely used input device is the ____________________.
ANS: printer
PTS: 1
REF: 6
5. The ____________________ is a small handheld input device that
controls the movement of a small
symbol on the screen called the pointer.
ANS: mouse
PTS: 1
REF: 6
6. A(n) ____________________ is an input device that converts printed
material to a form the computer
can use.
ANS: scanner
PTS: 1
REF: 6
7. Of printers, scanners, monitors, and speakers, all are commonly used
output devices except
____________________.
ANS: scanners
PTS: 1
REF: 7
8. The circuitry of the system unit usually is part of or is connected
to a circuit board called the
____________________.
ANS: motherboard
PTS: 1
REF: 7
9. Storage devices like the ____________________ in the accompanying
figure hold data, instructions,
and information for future use.
ANS:
hard drive
hard disk
PTS: 1
REF: 8
10. A(n) ____________________ is a portable storage device that is
small and lightweight enough to be
transported on a keychain or in a pocket.
ANS: USB flash drive
PTS: 1
REF: 8
11. Anyone can create a Web page and then make it available, or
____________________ it, on the Inter-
net for others to see.
ANS: publish
PTS: 1
REF: 13
12. A(n) ____________________ is an informal Web site consisting of
time-stamped articles in a diary or
journal format, usually listed in reverse chronological order.
ANS: blog
PTS: 1
REF: 14
13. A(n) ____________________ is recorded audio stored on a Web site
that can be downloaded to a
computer or a portable digital audio player such as an iPod.
ANS: podcast
PTS: 1
REF: 14
14. Software today has a(n) ____________________, like that shown in
the accompanying figure.
ANS:
graphical user interface
GUI
graphical user interface (GUI)
GUI (graphical user interface)
PTS: 1
REF: 15
15. A(n) ____________________, such as those shown in the accompanying
figure, is a miniature image
that represents a program, an instruction, or some other object.
ANS: icon
PTS: 1
REF: 15
16. ____________________ software consists of the programs that control
or maintain the operations of
the computer and its devices.
ANS: System
PTS: 1
REF: 15
17. One type of system software is a(n) ____________________ system,
which is a set of programs that
coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices.
ANS: operating
PTS: 1
REF: 15
18. One type of system software is a(n) ____________________ program,
which allows a user to perform
maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer.
ANS: utility
PTS: 1
REF: 16
19. ____________________ software consists of programs designed to make
users more productive
and/or assist them with personal tasks, and include Web browser, word
processing software, and
spreadsheet software.
ANS: Application
PTS: 1
REF: 16
20. A widely used type of application software related to
communications is a Web
____________________, which allows users with an Internet connection to
access Web pages.
ANS: browser
PTS: 1
REF: 16
21. Once users have installed software, they can use, or
____________________, it.
ANS: run
PTS: 1
REF: 17
22. Once in memory, the computer can carry out, or
____________________, the instructions in a pro-
gram.
ANS: execute
PTS: 1
REF: 17
23. A(n) ____________________ is someone who develops software or
writes the instructions that direct
the computer to process data into information.
ANS: developer
PTS: 1
REF: 18
24. A computer’s processing ____________________ is among the
attributes that determine the category
it best fits.
ANS: power
PTS: 1
REF: 18
25. Two types of ____________________ are desktop computers and
notebook computers.
ANS:
PC (personal computer)
personal computer
PC
personal computer (PC)
PTS: 1
REF: 19
26. In many models of personal computers, the system unit is the tall
and narrow
____________________, which can sit on the floor vertically — if
desktop space is limited.
ANS: tower
PTS: 1
REF: 20
27. A(n) ____________________ combines the features of a
high-definition video/audio entertainment
system with a desktop computer that is designed to be connected to a
television and includes a Blu-ray
Disc, digital video recorder, and digital cable television connectivity.
ANS:
home theater PC
home theater PC (HTPC)
HTPC (home theater PC)
HTPC
PTS: 1
REF: 20
28. An expensive, powerful desktop computer is the
____________________, which is geared for work
that requires intense calculations and graphics capabilities.
ANS: workstation
PTS: 1
REF: 20
29. The most popular type of mobile computer is the
____________________ computer like the one
shown in the accompanying figure.
ANS:
notebook
laptop
PTS: 1
REF: 20
30. A(n) ____________________ computer like the one in the accompanying
figure weighs on average
from 2.5 to more than 10 pounds (depending on the configuration).
ANS:
laptop
notebook
PTS: 1
REF: 20
31. Many small office/home office users (SOHO) have entered the
____________________ arena and
conduct business on the Web.
ANS: e-commerce
PTS: 1
REF: 30
32. Examples of ____________________ users are sales reps, real estate
agents, insurance agents, meter
readers, package delivery people, journalists, consultants, and
students.
ANS: mobile
PTS: 1
REF: 31
33. With ____________________ software, a mobile user can create and
deliver a presentation to a large
audience by connecting a mobile computer or device to a video projector
that displays the presentation
on a full screen.
ANS: presentation
PTS: 1
REF: 31
34. Examples of ____________________ users include engineers,
scientists, architects, desktop publish-
ers, and graphic artists.
ANS: power
PTS: 1
REF: 31
35. Power users often work with ____________________, combining text,
graphics, audio, and video into
one application.
ANS: multimedia
PTS: 1
REF: 31
36. ____________________ users use the computer network to process high
volumes of transactions in a
single day.
ANS: Enterprise
PTS: 1
REF: 32
37. The hardware requirements for a(n) ____________________ user
include a workstation or other
powerful computer with multimedia capabilities and a smart phone or
other mobile device.
ANS: power
PTS: 1
REF: 33
38. Through ____________________, health-care professionals in separate
locations conduct live confer-
ences on the computer.
ANS: telemedicine
PTS: 1
REF: 36
39. A(n) ____________________ is a system that attempts to imitate the
behavior of the human brain.
ANS: neural network
PTS: 1
REF: 36
40. Industries use ____________________ to shorten a product’s time to
market, reduce product develop-
ment costs, and stay ahead of the competition.
ANS:
CAM
computer-aided manufacturing
computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
CAM (computer-aided manufacturing)
PTS: 1
REF: 38
MATCHING
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or
definition.
a. text message
k. instant message
b. Web page
l. picture message
c. video message
m. embedded computers
d. blog
n. PDA
e. HTPC
o. tower
f. keyboard
p. utility
g. IT
q. Web site
h. application
r. access provider
i. mobile
s. storage devices
j. operating system
t. USB flash drive
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Some handheld computers have a specialized one
The kind of system unit that can sit on the floor vertically
Provides personal information management functions
Found in larger products
Department found in most companies with mid-sized and large computers
A real-time Internet communication, where you exchange messages with
other connected users
Sent via a camera phone
Kind of software that consists of programs designed to make users more
productive
Windows Vista and Mac OS X are examples
Type of user that often has a notebook computer, Internet-enabled PDA,
or smart phone
A short note sent to or from a smart phone, for example
Drives and readers/writers are examples of these
A storage device
Businesses that offer users and companies access to the Internet free
or for a fee
The Web contains billions of these
An informal Web site consisting of time-stamped articles in a diary
format
A collection of related Web pages
A short video clip, usually about 30 seconds, sent to or from a smart
phone, for example
Type of program that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks
usually related to managing a
computer, its devices, or its programs
20. Combines the features of a high-definition audio/video
entertainment system with a desktop computer
1. ANS: F
2. ANS: O
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
REF: 22
REF: 20
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
N
M
G
K
L
H
J
I
A
S
T
R
B
D
Q
C
P
E
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REF:
REF:
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REF:
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REF:
REF:
22
26
27
22
22
16
15
31
22
8
8
12
13
14
13
22
16
20
CASE
1. Which of the following types of computers typically has the lowest
number of simultaneously connec-
ted users?
a. game console
c. supercomputer
b. embedded computer
d. server
ANS:
b.
PTS: 1
REF: 19
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. Which of the following types of computers typically has the most
expensive price range?
a. mainframe
c. personal computer
b. server
d. mobile computer
ANS:
a.
PTS: 1
REF: 19
TOP: Critical Thinking
3. Which of the following types of users is the most likely to use
computer-aided design software?
a. SOHO
c. home
b. mobile
d. power
ANS:
d.
PTS: 1
REF: 33
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. All of the following applications are common across user categories
EXCEPT ____.
a. e-mail
c. multimedia authoring
b. Web browser
d. personal information manager
ANS:
c.
PTS: 1
REF: 33
TOP: Critical Thinking
ESSAY
1. Discuss what storage devices are, including an explanation of
storage media, USB flash drives, and
hard disks in your answer.
ANS:
A computer keeps data, instructions, and information on storage media.
Examples of storage media are
USB flash drives, hard disks, CDs, DVDs, and memory cards. A storage
device records (writes) and/or
retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media. Drives and
readers/writers, which are types of stor-
age devices, accept a specific kind of storage media. For example, a
DVD drive (storage device) ac-
cepts a DVD (storage media). Storage devices often function as a source
of input because they transfer
items from storage to memory. A USB flash drive is a portable storage
device that is small and light-
weight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocket. The
average USB flash drive can hold
about 4 billion characters. You plug a USB flash drive in a special,
easily accessible opening on the
computer. A hard disk provides much greater storage capacity than a USB
flash drive. The average
hard disk can hold more than 320 billion characters. Hard disks are
enclosed in an airtight, sealed case.
Although some are portable, most are housed inside the system unit.
PTS: 1
REF: 8
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. Explain in detail at least three advantages of using computers.
ANS:
Benefits of computers are possible because computers have the
advantages of speed, reliability, con-
sistency, storage, and communications.
Speed: When data, instructions, and information flow along electronic
circuits in a computer,
they travel at incredibly fast speeds. Many computers process billions
or trillions of operations in a
single second. Processing involves computing (adding, subtracting,
etc.), sorting (e.g., alphabetizing),
organizing, displaying pictures, recording audio clips, playing music,
and showing a movie or video.
Reliability: The electronic components in modern computers are
dependable and reliable be-
cause they rarely break or fail.
Consistency: Given the same input and processes, a computer will
produce the same results —
consistently. A computing phrase — known as garbage in, garbage out —
points out that the accuracy
of a computer’s output depends on the accuracy of the input. For
example, if you do not use the flash
on a digital camera when indoors, the resulting pictures that are
displayed on the computer screen may
be unusable because they are too dark.
Storage: A computer can transfer data quickly from storage to memory,
process it, and then
store it again for future use. Many computers store enormous amounts of
data and make this data
available for processing anytime it is needed.
Communications: Most computers today can communicate with other
computers, often wire-
lessly. Computers with this capability can share any of the four
information processing cycle opera-
tions — input, process, output, and storage — with another computer or
a user.
PTS: 1
REF: 9
TOP: Critical Thinking
3. Explain in detail at least three disadvantages of using computers.
ANS:
Some disadvantages of computers relate to the violation of privacy,
public safety, the impact on the
labor force, health risks, and the impact on the environment.
Violation of Privacy: Nearly every life event is stored in a computer
somewhere...in medical
records, credit reports, tax records, etc. In many instances, where
personal and confidential records
were not properly protected, individuals have found their privacy
violated and identities stolen.
Public Safety: Adults, teens, and children around the world are using
computers to share pub-
licly their photos, videos, journals, music, and other personal
information. Some of these unsuspecting,
innocent computer users have fallen victim to crimes committed by
dangerous strangers. Protect your-
self and your dependents from these criminals by being cautious. For
example, do not share informa-
tion that would allow others to identify or locate you.
Impact on Labor Force: Although computers have improved productivity in
many ways and
created an entire industry with hundreds of thousands of new jobs, the
skills of millions of employees
have been replaced by computers. Thus, it is crucial that workers keep
their education up-to-date. A
separate impact on the labor force is that some companies are
outsourcing jobs to foreign countries in-
stead of keeping their homeland labor force employed.
Health Risks: Prolonged or improper computer use can lead to injuries
or disorders of the
hands, wrists, elbows, eyes, neck, and back. Computer users can protect
themselves from these health
risks through proper workplace design, good posture while at the
computer, and appropriately spaced
work breaks. Another health risk, called computer addiction, occurs
when someone becomes obsessed
with using the computer. Once recognized, computer addiction is a
treatable disorder.
Impact on Environment: Computer manufacturing processes and computer
waste are depleting
natural resources and polluting the environment. When computers are
discarded in landfills, they re-
lease toxic materials and potentially dangerous levels of lead,
mercury, and flame retardants. Green
computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental
waste generated when using
a computer. Strategies that support green computing include recycling,
regulating manufacturing pro-
cesses, extending the life of computers, and immediately donating
replaced computers. When you pur-
chase a new computer, some retailers offer to dispose of your old
computer properly.
PTS: 1
REF: 9-10
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Explain the difference between the Internet and the Web with a
detailed explanation of what each is.
ANS:
The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects
millions of businesses, government
agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.
More than one billion people around the world use the Internet daily
for a variety of reasons, including
the following:
Communicate with and meet other people
Conduct research and access a wealth of information and news
Shop for goods and services
Bank and invest
Participate in online training
Engage in entertaining activities, such as planning vacations, playing
online games, listening
to music, watching or editing videos, and reading books and magazines
Download music and video
Share information, photos, and videos
Access and interact with Web applications
People connect to the Internet to exchange information with others
around the world. E-mail allows
you to send messages to other users. With instant messaging, you can
have a live conversation with an-
other connected user. In a chat room, you can communicate with multiple
users at the same time —
much like a group discussion. You can use the Internet to make a
telephone call.
Businesses, called access providers, offer users and companies access
to the Internet free or for a
fee. By subscribing to an access provider, you can use your computer
and a communications device,
such as a modem, to connect to the many services of the Internet.
The Web, short for World Wide Web, is one of the more popular services
on the Internet. Think of the
Web as a global library of information available to anyone connected to
the Internet. The Web con-
tains billions of documents called Web pages. A Web page can contain
text, graphics, audio, and
video. Web pages often have built-in connections, or links, to other
documents, graphics, other Web
pages, or Web sites. A Web site is a collection of related Web pages.
Some Web sites allow users to
access music and videos that can be downloaded, or transferred to
storage media in a computer or port-
able media player, and then listen to the music through speakers,
headphones, or earphones, or view
the videos on a display device.
PTS: 1
REF: 11-13
TOP: Critical Thinking
5. Define in detail each of the following computer categories: server,
mainframe, and supercomputer.
ANS:
A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources
on a network and provides a
centralized storage area for programs, data, and information. Servers
can support from two to several
thousand connected computers at the same time. In many cases, one
server accesses data, information,
and programs on another server. In other cases, people use personal
computers or terminals to access
data, information, and programs on a server. A terminal is a device
with a monitor, keyboard, and
memory. A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can
handle hundreds or thousands
of connected users simultaneously. Mainframes store tremendous amounts
of data, instructions, and in-
formation. Most major corporations use mainframes for business
activities. With mainframes, large
businesses are able to bill millions of customers, prepare payroll for
thousands of employees, and man-
age thousands of items in inventory. One study reported that mainframes
process more than 83 percent
of transactions around the world. Mainframes also can act as servers in
a network environment. Serv-
ers and other mainframes can access data and information from a
mainframe. People also can access
programs on the mainframe using terminals or personal computers. A
supercomputer is the fastest,
most powerful computer — and the most expensive. The fastest
supercomputers are capable of pro-
cessing more than 1,000 trillion instructions in a single second. With
weights that exceed 100 tons,
these computers can store more than 20,000 times the data and
information of an average desktop
computer. Applications requiring complex, sophisticated mathematical
calculations use supercom-
puters. Large-scale simulations and applications in medicine,
aerospace, automotive design, online
banking, weather forecasting, nuclear energy research, and petroleum
exploration use a supercom-
puter.
PTS: 1
REF: 25
6. Define enterprise computing.
ANS:
TOP: Critical Thinking
Many large companies use the words, enterprise computing, to refer to
the huge network of computers
that meets their diverse computing needs. The network facilitates
communications among employees
at all locations. Users access the network of servers or mainframes
through desktop computers, mobile
computers, and mobile devices. Enterprises use computers and the
computer network to process high
volumes of transactions in a single day. Although they may differ in
size and in the products or ser-
vices offered, all generally use computers for basic business
activities. For example, they bill millions
of customers, prepare payroll for thousands of employees, and manage
thousands of items in invent-
ory. Some large businesses use blogs to open communications among
employees, customers, and/or
vendors. Large businesses typically have e-commerce Web sites, allowing
customers and vendors to
conduct business online. The Web site also showcases products,
services, and other company informa-
tion. Customers, vendors, and other interested parties can access this
information on the Web. Once an
order is placed, computers update inventory records to reflect goods
sold and goods purchased.
PTS: 1
REF: 32
TOP: Critical Thinking
Chapter 2: The Internet and World Wide Web
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ____ are two of the more widely accessed Internet services.
a. The World Wide Web and e-mail
c. Mailing lists and chat rooms
b. FTP and message boards
d. Instant messaging and newsgroups
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 74
2. The ____ is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions
of businesses, government agen-
cies, educational institutions, and individuals.
a. Internet
c. Web
b. Telnet
d. NSFNet
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 74
3. The Internet has its roots in a networking project started by the
Pentagon’s ____, an agency of the U.S.
Department of Defense.
a. NSFnet
c. MPEG
b. ARPA
d. LISTSERV
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 75
4. The Internet has its roots in ____, a network that became functional
in 1969, linking scientific and aca-
demic researchers across the United States.
a. ARPANET
c. LISTSERV
b. NSFnet
d. MPEG
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 75
5. ____ oversees research and sets standards and guidelines for many
areas of the Internet.
a. ARPANET
c. LISTSERV
b. NSFnet
d. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 76
6. Fixed wireless Internet connections ____.
a. use an antenna to communicate with a tower
b. are high-speed
c. use radio signals
d. all of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 76
7. Although it is an inexpensive way for users to connect to the
Internet, ____ is slow-speed technology.
a. a cable modem
c. a dial-up connection
b. DSL
d. ISDN
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 76
8. Until 1995, NSFnet handled the bulk of communications activity, or
____, on the Internet.
a. volume
c. traffic
b. modulation
d. access
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 76
9. ____ takes place when the modem in a computer uses a standard
telephone line to connect to the Inter-
net.
a. DSL
c. FTTP
b. Convergence
d. Dial-up access
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 76
10. A cable ____ allows access to high-speed Internet services through
the cable television network.
a. transceiver
c. receiver
b. modem
d. dialer
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 76
11. ____ high-speed Internet connections use an antenna on a house or
business to communicate with a
tower location via radio signals.
a. Satellite
c. Fixed wireless
b. FTTP
d. DSL
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 76
12. A satellite ____ communicates with a satellite dish to provide
high-speed Internet connections via
satellite.
a. transceiver
c. receiver
b. modem
d. dialer
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 76
13. Which of the following is NOT true of a Wi-Fi network?
a. Many home users set them up.
b. A Wi-Fi's Internet service can be dial-up access.
c. Wi-Fi networks send signals to a communications device that is
connected to a high-speed
Internet service.
d. A Wi-Fi's Internet service can be DSL or cable.
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 76
14. A satellite Internet service ____.
a. uses regular copper telephone lines
b. is a high-speed Internet connection
c. accesses the Internet through the cable television network
d. uses radio signals to communicate with a tower
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 76
15. ____ oversees research and sets standards and guidelines for many
areas of the Internet.
a. The NSF
c. The W3C
b. ARPA
d. DARPA
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 76
16. ____ is a technology that provides high-speed Internet connection
using regular copper telephone
lines.
a. DSL
c. CMOS
b. ISP
d. OSP
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 76
17. A(n) ____ provider is a business that provides individuals and
companies access to the Internet for free
or for a fee.
a. service
c. host
b. access
d. e-mail
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 77
18. The components of a domain name are separated by ____.
a. spaces
c. commas
b. apostrophes
d. periods
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 79
19. The ____ consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents.
a. Telnet
c. Internet
b. Web
d. both B and C
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 80
20. Each electronic document on the Web is called a Web ____, which can
contain text, graphics, audio
(sound), and video.
a. page
c. reader
b. net
d. host
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 80
21. A Web ____ is a collection of related Web pages and associated
items, such as documents and pic-
tures, stored on a Web server.
a. site
c. host
b. reader
d. app
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 81
22. A(n) ____ is application software that allows users to access and
view Web pages.
a. reader
c. host
b. browser
d. server
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 81
23. Internet-enabled mobile devices such as smart phones use a special
type of browser, called a(n) ____,
which is designed for their small screens and limited computing power.
a. FTP
c. e-viewer
b. microbrowser
d. webapp
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 82
24. As shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) ____ is a program that
finds Web sites and Web pages.
a. microbrowser
c. web finder
b. location utility
d. search engine
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 85
25. To find a Web page, the user of a resource like that in the
accompanying figure, would simply enter a
word or phrase, called ____, in the search engine’s text box.
a. keywords
c. hits
b. icons
d. any of the above
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 85
26. A search engine, such as that shown in the accompanying figure,
displays a list of ____, or Web page
names, that contain the search text.
a. keywords
c. hits
b. icons
d. pulls
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 86
27. Many search engines like those in the accompanying figure use a
program, called a(n) ____, to build
and maintain lists of words found on Web sites.
a. portal
c. spider
b. FTP
d. FTTP
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 88
28. A(n) ____ is a Web site that offers a variety of Internet services
from a single, convenient location.
a. portal
c. extraction
b. keyframe
d. powerpoint
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 89
29. The term ____ refers to any application that combines text with
graphics, animation, audio, video, and/
or virtual reality.
a. portal
c. multimedia
b. Web app
d. Java applet
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 92
30. A(n) ____ is a digital representation of nontext information such
as a drawing, chart, or photograph.
a. applet
c. keyframe
b. pic
d. graphic
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 93
31. On a Web page, a(n) ____ is a small version of a larger graphic.
a. keyframe
c. applet
b. thumbnail
d. extraction
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 94
32. ____ includes music, speech, or any other sound.
a. Audio
c. Video
b. Vodcasting
d. Digeo
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 94
33. Podcasters register their podcasts with ____.
a. NSFnet
b. ARPA
ANS: D
PTS: 1
c. W3C
d. content aggregators
REF: 94
34. The ____ format reduces an audio file to about one-tenth of its
original size, while preserving much of
the original quality of the sound.
a. MP3
c. GIF
b. PNG
d. VMEG
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 94
35. ____ is the process of transferring data in a continuous and even
flow, which allows users to access
and use a file while it is transmitting.
a. Casting
c. Surfing
b. Streaming
d. Flowing
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 94
36. To listen to an audio file on a computer, a user needs special
software called a(n) ____.
a. reader
c. player
b. broadcaster
d. browser
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 94
37. A(n) ____ is recorded audio, usually an MP3 file, stored on a Web
site that can be downloaded to a
computer or a portable digital audio player such as an iPod.
a. podcast
c. vodcast
b. TCP
d. POP
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 94
38. ____ is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined
environment that appears as three-dimen-
sional (3-D) space.
a. IrDA
c. VR
b. POP
d. TCP
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 96
39. The ____ defines a popular video compression standard.
a. Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG)
b. Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
c. National Science Foundation (NSF)
d. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 96
40. ____ consists of full-motion images that are played back at various
speeds.
a. Audio
c. Video
b. Vodcasting
d. Digeo
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 96
41. A(n) ____ is a program that extends the capability of a browser.
a. player
c. rebrowser
b. plug-in
d. publisher
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 97
42. Web ____ is the development and maintenance of Web pages.
a. distribution
c. convergence
b. publishing
d. e-commerce
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 97
43. ____ is a business transaction that occurs over an electronic
network such as the Internet.
a. E-convergence
c. E-marketing
b. E-browsing
d. E-commerce
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 98
44. A customer (consumer) visits an online business through an
electronic ____, which contains product
descriptions, graphics, and a shopping cart.
a. pushcart
c. grocery
b. storefront
d. bank
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 99
45. A(n) ____ allows the customer visiting an electronic storefront to
collect purchases.
a. index
c. wagon
b. grocery list
ANS: D
d. shopping cart
PTS: 1
REF: 99
46. ____ occurs when one consumer sells directly to another consumer,
such as in an online auction.
a. Consumer-to-business (C2B) e-commerce
b. Business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce
c. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce
d. Business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 100
47. Most e-commerce actually takes place between businesses, which is
called ____.
a. consumer-to-business (C2B) e-commerce
b. business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce
c. consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce
d. business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 100
48. ____ is the transmission of messages and files via a computer
network.
a. E-mail
c. FTP
b. DSL
d. C2C
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 101
49. Today, ____ is a primary communications method for both personal
and business use.
a. e-commerce
c. chat room
b. FTP
d. e-mail
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 101
50. A(n) ____ program is used to create, send, receive, forward, store,
print, and delete e-mail messages.
a. FTP
c. transmission
b. e-mail
d. communication
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 101
51. An e-mail ____ is a combination of user name and domain name that
identifies a user so he or she can
receive Internet e-mail.
a. link
c. reference
b. address
d. user clause
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 102
52. A(n) ____ is a unique combination of characters, such as letters of
the alphabet and/or numbers, that
identifies a specific user.
a. password
c. user name
b. e-mail reference
d. user clause
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 102
53. Most e-mail programs allow users to create a(n) ____, which
contains a list of names and e-mail ad-
dresses.
a. TCP
c. address book
b. glossary
d. table of contents
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 102
54. ____ is a communications technology used by some outgoing mail
servers.
a. SMTP (simple mail transfer protocol)
c. POP (post office protocol)
b. ARPA (advanced rural postal addresses) d. HTML (hypertext mail link)
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 103
55. ____ is the latest version of a communications technology used by
some incoming mail servers.
a. FTP
c. GIF
b. TCP
d. POP3
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 103
56. A(n) ____ is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a single
name.
a. chat list
c. mailing list
b. actor list
d. client list
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 103
57. ____ is a real-time Internet communications service that notifies
users when one or more people are
online and then allows them to exchange messages or files or join a
private chat room.
a. Wikispace
c. Chattalk
b. IM
d. Communispace
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 104
58. ____ means that the people who are conversing on a computer are
online at the same time.
a. Automatic
c. Real time
b. Real-world
d. Mainline
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 104
59. For ____ to work, both parties must be online at the same time, and
the receiver of a message must be
willing to accept messages.
a. e-mail
c. instant messaging
b. FTP
d. all of the above
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 104
60. A(n) ____ is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a
computer.
a. chat
c. confab
b. telnet
d. quick talk
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 105
61. A chat ____ is a location on an Internet server that permits users
to chat with each other.
a. base
c. home
b. room
d. space
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 105
62. To start a chat session, a user connects to a chat server through a
program called a chat ____.
a. servlet
c. matrix
b. applet
d. client
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 105
63. VoIP ____.
a. uses a slow speed dial-up connection
b. uses the public switched telephone network
c. also is called Internet telephony
d. all of the above
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 106
64. ____ enables users to speak to other users over the Internet.
a. IrDA
c. TCP/IP
b. VoIP
d. Telnet
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 106
65. ____ is the process of transferring documents, graphics, and other
objects from a computer to a server
on the Internet.
a. Uploading
c. Downloading
b. Streaming
d. Flowing
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 107
66. A computer that stores and distributes newsgroup messages is called
a ____.
a. news client
c. news server
b. newsreader
d. newsmonger
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 107
67. In a newsgroup, a ____ consists of the original article and all
subsequent related replies.
a. magnet
c. flame
b. link
d. thread
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 107
68. A newsreader enables users to access a newsgroup to read previously
entered messages, called ____.
a. stories
c. series
b. features
d. articles
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 107
69. In a newsgroup, a ____ consists of the original article and all
subsequent related replies.
a. message cluster
c. cloud
b. link
d. thread
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 107
70. A popular Web-based type of discussion group that does not require
a newsreader is a(n) ____.
a. online index
c. browser
b. Telnet reader
d. message board
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 107
71. FTP sites can be ____, whereby anyone can transfer some, if not
all, available files.
a. identified
c. named
b. anonymous
d. signed
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 107
72. ____ is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and
downloading with other computers on the
Internet.
a. Telnet
c. IM
b. FTP
d. Webcasting
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 107
73. A ____ is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download
files using the FTP protocol.
a. server
c. client
b. network
d. base unit
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 107
74. A(n) ____ is an online area in which users have written discussions
about a particular subject.
a. newsgroup
c. real area
b. blueprint
d. talk space
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 107
75. A(n) ____ consists of an original newsgroup article and all
subsequent related replies.
a. link
c. aggregate
b. index
d. thread
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 107
76. A ____ is a message that reveals a solution to a game or ending to
a movie or program.
a. spoiler
c. flame
b. disruptor
d. chat
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 108
77. ____ is the code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while
on the Internet; that is, it is the con-
duct expected of individuals while online.
a. Netiquette
c. Internet behavior
b. Web politesse
d. Web civility
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 108
78. ____ is an unsolicited e-mail message or newsgroup article sent to
many recipients or newsgroups at
once.
a. An emoticon
c. A flame
b. Spam
d. FAQ
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 108
79. Use ____, such as :) or :( , to express emotion in an e-mail
message or newsgroup article.
a. spam
c. emoticons
b. FAQs
d. flames
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 108
80. According to netiquette, Internet users should assume ____.
a. all material is accurate
b. all material is up-to-date
c. the use of all capital letters is the equivalent of shouting
d. all of the above
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 108
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. Links on a Web page allow users to obtain information in a linear
way. _________________________
ANS: F, nonlinear
PTS: 1
REF: 83
2. To remind you visually that you have clicked a link, a text link
often changes size after it is clicked.
_________________________
ANS: F, color
PTS: 1
REF: 84
3. The difference between a wiki and a site like the one in the
accompanying figure is that users cannot
modify original posts on a wiki. _________________________
ANS: F, blog
PTS: 1
REF: 90
4. A(n) entertainment Web site contains content that describes a cause,
opinion, or idea.
_________________________
ANS: F, advocacy
PTS: 1
REF: 91
5. The more compressed the graphics file, the smaller the image and the
higher the quality.
_________________________
ANS: F, lower
PTS: 1
REF: 93
6. Smaller file sizes result in faster downloading of Web pages because
small files transmit more quickly
than large files. _________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 93
7. The goal with TIFF graphics is to reach a balance between image
quality and file size.
_________________________
ANS: F, JPEG
PTS: 1
REF: 93
8. The JPEG format works best for images that have only a few distinct
colors.
_________________________
ANS: F, GIF
PTS: 1
REF: 93
9. A user name can be the same as other user names in the same domain.
_________________________
ANS: F, cannot
PTS: 1
REF: 102
10. For IM to work, both parties must be online at the same time.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 104
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
Modified Multiple Choice
1. In 1986, the National Science Foundation (NSF) connected its huge
network of five supercomputer
centers, called NSFnet, to ____.
a. the Web
c. the IPnet
b. ARPANET
d. DNS
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 75
2. The mission of ____ is to contribute to the growth of the Web.
a. the W3C
c. the NSF
b. ARPA
d. ICANN
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 76
3. On the Internet, a user’s computer is a client that can access ____
on a variety of servers.
a. hardware
c. data
b. information
d. services
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
4. A Web address can include ____.
a. the path to a location on a Web page
b. protocol
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 78
c. the path to a specific Web page
d. domain name
REF: 82
5. A news Web site contains newsworthy material including stories and
articles relating to ____.
a. current events
c. the weather
b. money
d. sports
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 89
6. Many United States government agencies have informational Web sites
providing ____.
a. advocacy
c. census data
b. the congressional budget
d. tax codes
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 89
7. The ____ format has smaller files sizes, never require special
viewer software, and thus are used on the
Web frequently.
a. BMP
c. TIFF
b. GIF
d. PNG
ANS: B, D
PTS: 1
REF: 93
8. E-mail messages can include a(n) ____ as an attachment.
a. browser
c. graphic
b. audio clip
d. video clip
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 102
9. An FTP site is a collection of files including ____ that reside on
an FTP server.
a. text
c. video clips
b. program files
d. graphics
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 107
10. According to netiquette, in ____ users should avoid sending flames,
which are abusive or insulting
messages, and not participate in flame wars, which are exchanges of
flames.
a. Telnet sessions
c. chat rooms
b. e-mail
d. newsgroups
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 108
TRUE/FALSE
1. One of the major reasons business, home, and other users purchase
computers is for Internet access.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 74
2. No single person, company, institution, or government agency
controls or owns the Internet.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 76
3. A satellite Internet service provides Internet connections using
regular copper telephone lines.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 76
4. Dial-up access is no longer used for connecting to the Internet.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 76
5. Fixed wireless is a baseband Internet connection.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 76
6. Hot spots are businesses that provide individuals and companies
access to the Internet free or for a fee,
usually a fixed monthly amount.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 77
7. AOL differs from many OSPs in that it provides gateway functionality
to the Internet, meaning it regu-
lates the Internet services to which members have access.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 78
8. Despite their larger size, national ISPs usually offer fewer
services and have a smaller technical sup-
port staff than regional ISPs.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 78
9. The fees for using an OSP sometimes are slightly higher than fees
for an ISP.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 78
10. Like an IP address, the components of a domain name are separated
by commas.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 79
11. In general, the first portion of each IP address identifies the
specific computer and the last portion
identifies the network.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 79
12. Every domain name contains a master domain, which identifies the
type of organization associated
with the domain.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 80
13. A TCP server is an Internet server that usually is associated with
an Internet access provider.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 80
14. To help minimize errors, most current browsers and Web sites do not
require the http:// and www por-
tions of a Web address.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 82
15. When a Web address is entered, a user sends, or pushes, information
to a Web server.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 83
16. Some Web servers can pull content from a user’s computer at regular
intervals or whenever updates
are made to the site.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 83
17. Most current Web browsers support tabbed browsing, where the top of
the browser displays a tab for
each Web page you open.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 84
18. Text links may be underlined and/or displayed in a color different
from other text on the Web page.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 84
19. The two most commonly used search tools are subject directories and
keywords.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 85
20. Thousands of resources like the one illustrated in the accompanying
figure are available.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 85
21. Each hit in the list returned by a resource like that in the
accompanying figure has a link that, when
clicked, displays the associated Web site or Web page.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 87
22. One technique to improve Web searches as shown in the accompanying
figure is to use general nouns
and put the less specific terms first in the search text.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 88
23. The asterisk search engine operator allows the substitution of
characters in place of the asterisk.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 87
24. The major disadvantage with a Web site like the one in the
accompanying figure is that users have dif-
ficulty deciding which categories to choose as they work through the
menus of links presented.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 88
25. JPEG is a format that expands graphics to increase their file size,
which means the file takes up less
storage space.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 93
26. Simple audio applications on the Web consist of individual audio
files available for downloading to a
computer.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 94
27. It is legal to download copyrighted music regardless of whether the
song’s copyright holder has gran-
ted permission for users to download and play the song.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 94
28. Podcasting is a popular method of distributing video.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 94
29. In the past, e-commerce transactions were conducted primarily using
mobile computers and devices.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 98
30. Some people use the term m-commerce (mobile commerce) to identify
e-commerce that takes place
using mobile devices.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 98
31. Businesses seldom provide goods or services to other businesses, so
little e-commerce takes place
between businesses.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 100
32. Gmail and Windows Live Hotmail are two popular free e-mail Web
applications.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 101
33. When a user sends an e-mail message, an outgoing mail server that
is operated by the user’s Internet
access provider determines how to route the message through the
Internet and then sends the message.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 103
34. As a user receives an e-mail message, an incoming mail server —
operated by the user’s Internet ac-
cess provider — sends the messages directly to the user’s computer.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 103
35. Computers cannot get a virus through e-mail.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 103
36. To add an e-mail name and address to a mailing list, a user
unsubscribes from it.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 103
37. To use IM, a user may have to install instant messenger software on
the computer or device he or she
plans to use.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 105
38. In a chat room, others connected to the same chat room server see
what a user has typed.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 105
39. Today’s browsers seldom include a chat client.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 105
40. To start a chat session, you connect to a chat server through a
program called instant messenger.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 105
41. Some operating systems include an instant messenger.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 105
42. Calls to other parties with the same Internet telephone service
often are free.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 106
43. Large files on FTP sites often are uncompressed (unzipped) to
reduce storage space and download
time.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 107
44. Newsgroup members can add articles of their own.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 107
45. Newsgroup members frequently add articles as a reply to another
article — either to answer a question
or to comment on material in the original article.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 107
46. Some Web sites that sponsors newsgroups have a built-in newsreader.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 107
47. A popular Web-based type of discussion group that does not require
a newsreader is a message board.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 107
48. A computer that stores and distributes newsgroup messages is called
a newsreader.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 107
49. Many Web sites use newsgroups instead of message boards because
they are easier to use.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 107
50. According to netiquette, Internet users should assume all material
is accurate and up-to-date.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 108
COMPLETION
1. In the accompanying figure, which shows common ways to access the
Internet, a(n)
____________________ usually provides Internet access to a specific
geographic area.
ANS: regional ISP
PTS: 1
REF: 78
2. In the accompanying figure, which shows common ways to access the
Internet, a(n)
____________________ is a larger business, such as AT&T and
EarthLink, that provides Internet ac-
cess in cities and towns nationwide.
ANS: national ISP
PTS: 1
REF: 78
3. In the accompanying figure, which shows common ways to access the
Internet, a(n)
____________________ has many members-only features, such as special
content and services, in ad-
dition to providing Internet access.
ANS:
online service provider
OSP
PTS: 1
REF: 78
4. In the accompanying figure, which shows common ways to access the
Internet, a(n)
____________________ is a company that provides access to users with
Internet-enabled mobile
devices.
ANS:
wireless Internet service provider
WISP
PTS: 1
REF: 78
5. The major carriers of network traffic on the Internet are known
collectively as the
____________________.
ANS: Internet backbone
PTS: 1
REF: 78
6. Of Boingo Wireless, Verizon Wireless, Spring Broadband Direct, and
Wi-Fi Mobile, all are wireless
Internet service providers EXCEPT ____________________.
ANS: Wi-Fi Mobile
PTS: 1
REF: 78
7. A(n) ____________________ address is a number that uniquely
identifies each computer or device
connected to the Internet.
ANS:
IP
Internet Protocol
PTS: 1
REF: 79
8. A(n) ____________________ name is the text version of an IP address.
ANS: domain
PTS: 1
REF: 79
9. In an IP address, the number in each group is between 0 and
____________________.
ANS: 255
PTS: 1
REF: 79
10. When a user specifies a domain name, a(n) ____________________
translates the domain name to its
associated IP address so data can route to the correct computer.
ANS: DNS server
PTS: 1
REF: 80
11. The group that assigns and controls top-level domains is the
____________________.
ANS:
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
ICANN
PTS: 1
REF: 80
12. The ____________________ is the method that the Internet uses to
store domain names and their cor-
responding IP addresses.
ANS:
DNS
domain name system
PTS: 1
REF: 80
13. Visitors to a(n) ____________________Web page all see the same
content.
ANS: static
PTS: 1
REF: 81
14. Of Firefox, PowerPoint, Opera, and Internet Explorer, all are
widely used Web browsers for personal
computers except ____________________.
ANS: PowerPoint
PTS: 1
REF: 81
15. Visitors to a(n) ____________________ Web page can customize some
or all of the content, such as
stock quotes, weather, or ticket availability.
ANS: dynamic
PTS: 1
REF: 81
16. To view Web pages, you need a computer that is connected to the
Internet and that has a(n)
____________________.
ANS:
browser
Web browser
PTS: 1
REF: 81
17. ____________________ is the process of a computer receiving
information, such as a Web page, from
a server on the Internet.
ANS: Downloading
PTS: 1
REF: 82
18. In a Web address, the ____________________ is a set of rules that
defines how pages transfer on the
Internet.
ANS:
http
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
PTS: 1
REF: 82
19. A more common usage of the term, ____________________ page, refers
to the first page that a Web
site displays.
ANS: home
PTS: 1
REF: 82
20. A Web page has a unique address, called a(n) ____________________.
ANS:
URL
uniform resource locator
PTS: 1
REF: 82
21. A(n) ____________________ is a built-in connection to another
related Web page or part of a Web
page.
ANS:
hyperlink
link
PTS: 1
REF: 82
22. Some people use the phrase, ____________________ the Web, to refer
to the activity of using links to
explore the Web.
ANS: surfing
PTS: 1
REF: 83
23. When viewing a Web page, pointing to, or positioning the pointer
on, a(n) ____________________ on
the screen typically changes the shape of the pointer to a small hand
with a pointing index finger.
ANS:
link
hyperlink
PTS: 1
REF: 83
24. To activate a link on a Web page, a user clicks it, that is, points
to the link and then presses the
____________________ button.
ANS: left mouse
PTS: 1
REF: 84
25. On the Web, a(n) ____________________ directory classifies Web
pages in an organized set of cat-
egories, such as sports or shopping, and related subcategories.
ANS: subject
PTS: 1
REF: 85
26. ____________________ are particularly helpful in locating pages
about certain topics, require that
you enter search text, and allow you to use operators to refine a
search.
ANS: Search engines
PTS: 1
REF: 85
27. Many portals have a(n) ____________________, which is a Web site
that joins a specific group of
people with similar interests or relationships.
ANS: online community
PTS: 1
REF: 89
28. A(n) ____________________ portal is a portal specifically designed
for Internet-enabled mobile
devices.
ANS: wireless
PTS: 1
REF: 89
29. A(n) ____________________ Web site contains content that promotes
or sells products or services.
ANS: business/marketing
PTS: 1
REF: 89
30. The term ____________________ refers to the worldwide collection of
Web sites like the one in the
accompanying figure.
ANS: blogosphere
PTS: 1
REF: 90
31. Like the one in the accompanying figure, a(n) ____________________
Web site uses a diary or journ-
al format, and is an informal site consisting of time-stamped articles.
ANS: blog
PTS: 1
REF: 90
32. Like the one in the accompanying figure, a(n) ____________________
is an informal Web site con-
sisting of time-stamped articles in a diary or journal format, usually
listed in reverse chronological or-
der.
ANS: blog
PTS: 1
REF: 90
33. A(n) ____________________ is usually open to modification by the
general public.
ANS: wiki
PTS: 1
REF: 90
34. A(n) ____________________ is a collaborative Web site that allows
users to add to, modify, or delete
the Web site content via their Web browser.
ANS: wiki
PTS: 1
REF: 90
35. A(n) ____________________ Web site offers exciting, challenging
avenues for formal and informal
teaching and learning.
ANS: educational
PTS: 1
REF: 91
36. ____________________ is a specification sometimes used by content
aggregators to distribute con-
tent.
ANS: RSS 2.0
PTS: 1
REF: 92
37. A content ____________________ is a business that gathers and
organizes Web content and then dis-
tributes, or feeds, the content to subscribers for free or a fee.
ANS: aggregator
PTS: 1
REF: 92
38. Of the graphics formats that exist on the Web, the two more common
are ____________________ and
JPEG formats because of their smaller file sizes.
ANS:
GIF
Graphics Interchange Format
PTS: 1
REF: 93
39. Many Web pages use ____________________, which is the appearance of
motion created by display-
ing a series of still images in sequence.
ANS: animation
PTS: 1
REF: 94
40. ____________________ audio enables users to listen to music as it
downloads to their computers.
ANS: Streaming
PTS: 1
REF: 94
MATCHING
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or
definition.
a. Internet2
k. thread
b. WISP
l. VoIP
c. Wi-Fi
m. spoiler
d. FTTP
n. mailing list
e. DSL
o. operator
f. IP address
p. subscribe
g. OSP
q. domain name
h. ISP
i. W3C
j. access provider
r. FTP
s. animation
t. search engines
1. Can be short-lived or continue for some time, depending on the
nature of the topic and the interest of
the newsgroup participants.
2. A message that reveals a solution to a game or the ending to a movie
or program.
3. Uses the Internet instead of the public switched telephone network
to connect a calling party to one or
more called parties.
4. Person in a chat room with the responsibility for monitoring the
conversation and disconnecting any-
one who becomes disruptive.
5. When a message is sent to one of these, every person on the list
receives a copy of the message in his
or her mailbox.
6. If a user likes the discussion in a particular newsgroup, he or she
can do this, which means its location
is saved in the user’s newsreader for easy future access.
7. Many operating systems include these capabilities.
8. Your Internet service provider supplies this, for an e-mail address.
9. Used to make Web pages more visually interesting or draw attention
to important information or links.
10. Particularly helpful in locating Web pages about certain topics or
in locating specific pages for which a
user does not know the exact Web address.
11. A not-for-profit research and development project that connects
more than 200 universities and 115
companies via a high-speed private network.
12. Kind of network that uses radio signals to provide high-speed
Internet connections to compatible
devices.
13. Type of broadband Internet service that uses fiber-optic cable to
provide high-speed Internet access to
home and business users
14. Type of broadband connection that provides high-speed Internet
connections using regular copper tele-
phone lines
15. Oversees research and sets standards and guidelines for many areas
of the Internet.
16. A business that provides individuals and organizations access to
the Internet free or for a fee.
17. A company that provides wireless Internet access to desktop and
notebook computers, for example.
18. A regional or national access provider
19. Provides members-only features such as instant messaging in
addition to Internet access
20. A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected
to the Internet.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
K
M
L
O
N
P
R
Q
S
T
A
C
D
E
I
J
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
107
108
106
105
103
103
107
102
94
85
76
76
76
76
76
77
17.
18.
19.
20.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
B
H
G
F
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
78
78
78
79
CASE
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 1
You are taking an economics class, as part of which you are studying
the various types of e-commerce.
1. As part of your research, you’ve learned that vending machines in
Japan allow shoppers to hold their
cell phones in front of the machine in order to make a purchase using
the smart phone. Which of the
following types of commerce does this exemplify?
a. C2C
c. B2B
b. m-commerce
d. C2B
ANS:
b.
PTS: 1
REF: 98
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. A major search engine is preparing to provide Web-based purchasing,
tracking, and transaction down-
loading capabilities to corporations. What kind of commerce is this an
example of?
a. B2B
c. B2C
b. m-commerce
d. C2C
ANS:
a.
PTS: 1
REF: 100
TOP: Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 2
You’ve just moved to a new community and are investigating options in
terms of online service pro-
viders where you are now living.
3. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. A regional ISP usually provides Internet
access to a specific geographic area.
c. The access provider for high-speed access
charges between $13 to $120 per month.
ANS:
d.
b. Due to their larger size, national ISPs usu-
ally offer more services and have a larger
technical support staff than regional ISPs.
d. Examples of regional ISPs are AT&T and
EarthLink.
PTS: 1
REF: 77-78
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. You have decided you would like an access provider than offers a
number of members-only features in
addition to just e-mail access. However, you are not interested in
gateway functionality, as you do not
want to have your access to Internet services regulated. Which of the
following is your best option?
a. AOL
c. MSN
b. EarthLink
d. Both A and C
ANS:
c.
PTS: 1
REF: 78
TOP: Critical Thinking
ESSAY
1. Discuss what a broadband connection is, and how it differs from a
dial-up connection, and review the
types of broadband connections.
ANS:
Many home and small business users are opting for high-speed broadband
Internet connections
through cable Internet service, DSL, FTTP, fixed wireless, Wi-Fi,
cellular radio networks, or satellite
Internet service. With broadband Internet service, your computer or
mobile device usually is connected
to the Internet the entire time it is powered on.
• Cable Internet service provides high-speed Internet access through
the cable television network via a
cable modem.
• DSL (digital subscriber line) is a technology that provides
high-speed Internet connections using reg-
ular telephone lines.
• Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) uses fiber-optic cable to provide
high-speed Internet access to home
and business users.
• Fixed wireless high-speed Internet connections use a dish-shaped
antenna on your house or business
to communicate with a tower location via radio signals.
• A cellular radio network offers high-speed Internet connections to
devices with built-in compatible
technology or computers with wireless modems.
• A Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) network uses radio signals to provide
Internet connections to wireless
computers and devices.
• A satellite Internet service provides high-speed Internet connections
via satellite to a satellite dish
that communicates with a satellite modem.
Instead of using broadband Internet service, however, some home users
connect to the Internet via
dial-up access, which is a slower-speed technology. Dial-up access
takes places when the modem in
your computer connects to the Internet via a standard telephone line
that transmits data and informa-
tion using an analog (continuous wave pattern) signal. Users may opt
for dial-up access because of its
lower price or because broadband access is not available in their area.
PTS: 1
REF: 76
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. Explain in detail what the Web is, and include all relevant key
terms in your explanation
ANS:
Although many people use the terms World Wide Web and Internet
interchangeably, the World Wide
Web actually is a service of the Internet. While the Internet was
developed in the late 1960s, the World
Wide Web emerged in the early 1990s. Since then, it has grown
phenomenally to become one of the
more widely used Internet services. The World Wide Web (WWW), or Web,
consists of a worldwide
collection of electronic documents. Each electronic document on the Web
is called a Web page, which
can contain text, graphics, audio, and video. Additionally, Web pages
usually have built-in connec-
tions to other documents. Some Web pages are static (fixed); others are
dynamic (changing). Visitors
to a static Web page all see the same content. With a dynamic Web page,
by contrast, visitors can cus-
tomize some or all of the viewed content such as desired stock quotes,
weather for a region, or ticket
availability for flights. A Web site is a collection of related Web
pages and associated items, such as
documents and pictures, stored on a Web server. A Web server is a
computer that delivers requested
Web pages to your computer. The same Web server can store multiple Web
sites. Some industry ex-
perts use the term Web 2.0 to refer to Web sites that allow users to
modify Web site content, provide a
means for users to share personal information, and have application
software built into the site for vis-
itors to use.
PTS: 1
REF: 80-81
TOP: Critical Thinking
3. Define at least seven of the different types of Web sites, giving
examples wherever possible and defin-
ing all relevant terms.
ANS:
Thirteen types of Web sites are portal, news, informational,
business/marketing, educational, entertain-
ment, advocacy, blog, wiki, online social network, content aggregator,
and personal. Many Web sites
fall in more than one of these categories.
PORTAL A portal is a Web site that offers a variety of Internet
services from a single, convenient loc-
ation. Most portals offer the following free services: search engine
and/or subject directory; news;
sports and weather; Web publishing; reference tools such as yellow
pages, stock quotes, and maps;
shopping; and e-mail and other forms of online communications. Many
portals have online communit-
ies. An online community is a Web site that joins a specific group of
people with similar interests or
relationships. These communities may offer online photo albums, chat
rooms, and other services to fa-
cilitate communications among members. Popular portals include
AltaVista, AOL, Excite, GO.com,
LookSmart, Lycos, MSN, NBCi, Netscape, and Yahoo!. A wireless portal is
a portal designed for In-
ternet-enabled mobile devices.
NEWS A news Web site contains newsworthy material including stories and
articles relating to current
events, life, money, sports, and the weather. Many magazines and
newspapers sponsor Web sites that
provide summaries of printed articles, as well as articles not included
in the printed versions. Newspa-
pers and television and radio stations are some of the media that
maintain news Web sites.
INFORMATIONAL An informational Web site contains factual information.
Many United States
government agencies have informational Web sites providing information
such as census data, tax
codes, and the congressional budget. Other organizations provide
information such as public transport-
ation schedules and published research findings.
BUSINESS/MARKETING A business/marketing Web site contains content that
promotes or sells
products or services. Nearly every business has a business/marketing
Web site. Allstate Insurance
Company, Dell Inc., General Motors Corporation, Kraft Foods Inc., and
Walt Disney Company all
have business/marketing Web sites. Many of these companies also allow
you to purchase their
products or services online.
EDUCATIONAL An educational Web site offers exciting, challenging
avenues for formal and inform-
al teaching and learning. On the Web, you can learn how airplanes fly
or how to cook a meal. For a
more structured learning experience, companies provide online training
to employees; and colleges of-
fer online classes and degrees. Instructors often use the Web to
enhance classroom teaching by pub-
lishing course materials, grades, and other pertinent class information.
ENTERTAINMENT An entertainment Web site offers an interactive and
engaging environment. Pop-
ular entertainment Web sites offer music, videos, sports, games,
ongoing Web episodes, sweepstakes,
chats, and more. Sophisticated entertainment Web sites often partner
with other technologies. For ex-
ample, you can cast your vote about a topic on a television show.
ADVOCACY An advocacy Web site contains content that describes a cause,
opinion, or idea. These
Web sites usually present views of a particular group or association.
Sponsors of advocacy Web sites
include the Democratic National Committee, the Republican National
Committee, the Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and the Society to Protect Human
Rights.
BLOG A blog, short for Weblog, is an informal Web site consisting of
time-stamped articles in a diary
or journal format, usually listed in reverse chronological order. A
blog that contains video clips is
called a video blog, or vlog. The term blogosphere refers to the
worldwide collection of blogs, and the
vlogosphere refers to all vlogs worldwide. Blogs reflect the interests,
opinions, and personalities of the
author, called the blogger or vlogger (for vlog author), and sometimes
site visitors. Blogs have become
an important means of worldwide communication. Businesses create blogs
to communicate with em-
ployees, customers, and vendors. Teachers create blogs to collaborate
with other teachers and students.
Home users create blogs to share aspects of their personal life with
family, friends, and others.
WEB APPLICATION A Web application, or Web app, is a Web site that
allows users to interact with
software through a Web browser or any computer or device that is
connected to the Internet. Some
Web applications provide free access to their software. Others offer
part of their software free and
charge for access to more comprehensive features or when a particular
action is requested. Examples
of Web applications include Google Docs, TurboTax Online, and Windows
Live Hotmail.
WIKI A wiki is a collaborative Web site that allows users to create,
add to, modify, or delete the Web
site content via their Web browser. Most wikis are open to modification
by the general. public. Wikis
usually collect recent edits on a Web page so someone can review them
for accuracy. The difference
between a wiki and a blog is that users cannot modify original posts
made by the blogger. A popular
wiki is Wikipedia, a free Web encyclopedia.
ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKS An online social network, also called a social
networking Web site,
is a Web site that encourages members in its online community to share
their interests, ideas, stories,
photos, music, and videos with other registered users. Most include
chat rooms, newsgroups, and other
communications services. Popular social networking Web sites include
Facebook, Friendster, and
MySpace, which alone has more than 12 million visitors each day. A
media sharing Web site is a spe-
cific type of online social network that enables members to share media
such as photos, music, and
videos. Flickr, Fotki, and Webshots are popular photo sharing
communities; Google Video and You-
Tube are popular video sharing communities.
CONTENT AGGREGATOR A content aggregator is a business that gathers and
organizes Web con-
tent and then distributes, or feeds, the content to subscribers for
free or a fee. Examples of distributed
content include news, music, video, and pictures. Subscribers select
content in which they are inter-
ested. Whenever this content changes, it is downloaded automatically
(pushed) to the subscriber's com-
puter or mobile device.
RSS 2.0, which stands for Really Simple Syndication, is a specification
that content aggregators use to
distribute content to subscribers. Atom is another specification
sometimes used by content aggregators
to distribute content.
PERSONAL A private individual or family not usually associated with any
organization may maintain
a personal Web site or just a single Web page. People publish personal
Web pages for a variety of
reasons. Some are job hunting. Others simply want to share life
experiences with the world.
PTS: 1
REF: 88-92
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Outline the guidelines for evaluating a Web site.
ANS:
Do not assume that information presented on the Web is correct or
accurate. Any person, company, or
organization can publish a Web page on the Internet. No one oversees
the content of these Web pages.
The guidelines for assessing the value of a Web site or Web page before
relying on its content are:
Affiliation: A reputable institution should support the Web site
without bias in the information.
Audience: The Web site should be written at an appropriate level.
Authority: The Web site should list the author and the appropriate
credentials.
Content: The Web site should be well organized and the links should
work.
Currency: The information on the Web page should be current.
Design: The pages at the Web site should download quickly and be
visually pleasing and easy to nav-
igate.
Objectivity: The Web site should contain little advertising and be free
from preconceptions.
PTS: 1
REF: 92
TOP: Critical Thinking
5. Explain what a chat room is and what IM is.
ANS:
Chat Rooms
A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a
computer. Real time means that you and
the people with whom you are conversing are online at the same time. A
chat room is a location on an
Internet server that permits users to chat with each other. Anyone in
the chat room can participate in
the conversation, which usually is specific to a particular topic.
As you type on your keyboard, a line of characters and symbols is
displayed on the computer screen.
Others connected to the same chat room server also see what you have
typed. Some chat rooms sup-
port voice chats and video chats, in which people hear or see each
other as they chat.
To start a chat session, you connect to a chat server through a program
called a chat client. Today’s
browsers usually include a chat client. If yours does not, you can
download a chat client from the Web.
Some Web sites allow users to conduct chats without a chat client.
Once you have installed a chat client, you can create or join a
conversation on the chat server to which
you are connected. The chat room should indicate the discussion topic.
The person who creates a chat
room acts as the operator and has responsibility for monitoring the
conversation and disconnecting
anyone who becomes disruptive. Operator status can be shared or
transferred to someone else.
Instant Messaging
Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service
that notifies you when one or
more people are online and then allows you to exchange messages or
files or join a private chat room
with them. Some IM services support voice and video conversations. Many
IM services also can alert
you to information such as calendar appointments, stock quotes,
weather, or sports scores. They also
allow you to send pictures or other documents to a recipient. For IM to
work, both parties must be on-
line at the same time. Also, the receiver of a message must be willing
to accept message. To use IM,
you may have to install instant messenger software on the computer or
device you plan to use. Some
operating systems, such as Windows Vista, include an instant messenger.
Popular IM software in-
cludes AIM (AOL Instant Messenger), Google Talk, MySpace IM, Windows
Live Messenger, and Ya-
hoo! Messenger. Few IM programs follow IM standards.
PTS: 1
REF: 104-105
TOP: Critical Thinking
6. Discuss FTP, including all relevant terms in your explanation.
ANS:
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file
uploading and downloading
(transferring) with other computers on the Internet. Uploading is the
opposite of downloading; that is,
uploading is the process of transferring documents, graphics, and other
objects from your computer to
a server on the Internet. Web page authors, for example, often use FTP
to upload their Web pages to a
Web server. Many operating systems include FTP capabilities. If yours
does not, you can download
FTP programs from the Web, usually for a small fee. An FTP server is a
computer that allows users
to upload and/or download files using FTP. An FTP site is a collection
of files including text, graphics,
audio clips, video clips, and program files that reside on an FTP
server. Many FTP sites have anonym-
ous FTP, whereby anyone can transfer some, if not all, available files.
Some FTP sites restrict file
transfers to those who have authorized accounts (user names and
passwords) on the FTP server. Large
files on FTP sites often are compressed to reduce storage space and
download time. Before you can
use a compressed (zipped) file, you must uncompress (unzip) it.
PTS: 1
REF: 107
TOP: Critical Thinking
Chapter 4: The Components of the System Unit
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. On ____, the electronic components and most storage devices are part
of the system unit and other
devices, such as the keyboard, mouse, and monitor, normally occupy
space outside the system unit.
a. desktop personal computers
c. mobile devices
b. notebook computers
d. all of the above
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 210
2. The cases of the system unit, sometimes called the ____, is made of
metal or plastic and protects the
internal electronic components from damage.
a. form factor
c. motherboard
b. chassis
d. chip
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 210
3. The ____ unit is a case that contains electronic components of the
computer used to process data.
a. system
c. control
b. master
d. base
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 210
4. The ____ board is the main circuit board of the system unit.
a. control
c. master
b. system
d. index
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 212
5. A computer ____ is a small piece of semi-conducting material,
usually silicon, on which integrated cir-
cuits are etched.
a. plug
c. chip
b. port
d. roster
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 212
6. A(n) ____ circuit, which is etched on a computer chip, contains many
microscopic pathways capable
of carrying electrical current.
a. indexed
c. calibrated
b. systematized
d. integrated
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 212
7. A(n) ____, which is contained on an integrated circuit, can act as
an electronic switch that opens or
closes the circuit for electrical charges.
a. transistor
c. capacitor
b. switcher
d. resistor
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 212
8. Some computer and chip manufacturers use the term ____ to refer to a
personal computer processor
chip.
a. microprocessor
c. coprocessor
b. parallel processor
d. perpendicular processor
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 213
9. The ____ interprets and carries out the basic instructions that
operate a computer.
a. control unit
c. CPU
b. binary device
d. compressor
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 213
10. A(n) ____ processor is a chip with two or more separate processors.
a. parallel
c. multi-core
b. compressed
d. binary
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 213
11. The ____ unit is the component of the processor that directs and
coordinates most of the operations in
the computer.
a. control
c. compression
b. concatenation
d. micro
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 214
12. The ____ is the component of the processor that performs
arithmetic, comparison, and other opera-
tions.
a. machine unit
c. ALU
b. control unit
d. CPU
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 214
13. In the machine cycle steps illustrated in the accompanying figure,
____ is the process of obtaining a
program instruction or data item from memory.
a. fetching
c. executing
b. decoding
d. storing
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 215
14. In the machine cycle steps illustrated in the accompanying figure,
the term ____ refers to the process
of translating instructions into signals the computer can execute.
a. fetching
c. executing
b. decoding
d. storing
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 215
15. In the machine cycle steps illustrated in the accompanying figure,
____ is the process of carrying out
commands.
a. fetching
c. executing
b. decoding
d. storing
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 215
16. Together, four operations (fetching, decoding, executing, and
storing) comprise a(n) ____ cycle.
a. baseline
c. registration
b. machine
d. pipeline
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 215
17. With ____, the processor begins fetching a second instruction
before it completes the machine cycle
for the first instruction.
a. clocking
c. pipelining
b. multi-core processing
d. recatching
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 215
18. The pace of the system clock, called the ____ speed, is measured by
the number of ticks per second.
a. temporal
c. processor
b. system
d. clock
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 216
19. A processor contains small high-speed storage locations, called
____, that temporarily hold data and
instructions.
a. indices
c. capacitors
b. switchers
d. registers
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 216
20. The processor relies on a small quartz crystal circuit called the
____ clock to control the timing of all
computer operations.
a. system
c. unit
b. master
d. control
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 216
21. Each tick of the system clock equates to a ____.
a. clock shot
c. clock rhythm
b. clock spring
ANS: D
d. clock cycle
PTS: 1
REF: 216
22. One gigahertz (GHz) equals one ____ ticks of the system clock per
second.
a. thousand
c. billion
b. million
d. trillion
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 216
23. The faster the clock speed, the more ____ the processor can execute
per second.
a. registers
c. arguments
b. functions
d. instructions
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 216
24. Most high-performance PCs use some type of processor in the Intel
____ family.
a. Core
c. Xeon
b. Celeron
d. Itanium
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 216
25. AMD is the leading manufacturer of ____-compatible processors,
which have an internal design simil-
ar to Intel processors, perform the same functions, can be as powerful,
but often are less expensive.
a. Macintosh
c. Celeron
b. Intel
d. Xeon
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 216
26. A type of processor called ____ on a chip integrates the functions
of a processor, memory, and a video
card on a single chip.
a. computer
c. Itanium
b. system
d. control unit
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 218
27. A(n) ____ is a small ceramic or metal component with fins on its
surface that absorbs and disperses
heat produced by electrical components such as a processor.
a. liquid cooler
c. control unit
b. system brake
d. heat sink
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 219
28. ____ technology uses a continuous flow of fluid(s), such as water
and glycol, in a process that trans-
fers the heated fluid away from the processor.
a. Memory
c. Fluid infusion
b. Dynamic heat transfer
d. Liquid cooling
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 219
29. ____ consists of electronic components that store instructions
waiting to be executed by the processor,
data needed by those instructions, and the results of processed data
(information).
a. Concepting
c. Concatenation
b. Dynamism
d. Memory
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 223
30. The role of memory to store both data and programs is known as the
____ concept.
a. stored program
c. ROM
b. random memory
d. store and send
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 223
31. ____ is the most common type of volatile memory.
a. ROM
c. CMOS
b. Flash memory
d. RAM
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 223
32. The accompanying figure shows a(n) ____ module, which is a small
circuit board where RAM chips
usually reside, being inserted into the motherboard.
a. index
c. insertion
b. memory
d. cooling
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 225
33. In the accompanying figure, memory ____ on the motherboard hold the
memory modules.
a. slots
c. sleeves
b. contacts
d. pins
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 225
34. With a type of memory module called a(n) ____, such as that shown
in the accompanying figure, the
pins on opposite sides of the circuit board do not connect and thus
form two sets of contacts.
a. SIMM
c. DIMM
b. RIMM
d. CIMM
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 225
35. Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) chips ____.
a. transfer data twice for each clock cycle, when compared to DRAM
b. are synchronized to the system clock
c. do not have to be re-energized as often as DRAM chips
d. use pipelining techniques
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 225
36. Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM) chips are even faster than SDRAM
chips because they
____.
a. transfer data twice for each clock cycle
c. do not have to be re-energized as often
b. are synchronized to the system clock
d. use pipelining techniques
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 225
37. Rambus DRAM (RDRAM) chips are another type of DRAM chips that are
much faster than SDRAM
chips because they ____.
a. transfer data twice for each clock cycle
c. do not have to be re-energized as often
b. are synchronized to the system clock
d. use pipelining techniques
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 225
38. A ____ has pins on opposite sides of the circuit board that connect
together to form one set of contacts.
a. DIMM (dual inline memory module)
c. RIMM (Rambus inline memory module)
b. SIMM (single inline memory module)
d. CIMM (Cantus inline memory module)
ANS: B
PTS: 1
39. A ____ houses RDRAM chips.
a. DIMM (dual inline memory module)
b. SIMM (single inline memory module)
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 225
c. RIMM (Rambus inline memory module)
d. CIMM (Cantus inline memory module)
REF: 225
40. Generally, home users using basic application software such as word
processing should have ____ of
RAM.
a. 2 GB or less
c. 2 GB to 8 GB
b. 4 GB
d. 8 GB and up
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 226
41. ____ is built directly into a processor chip and usually has a very
small capacity.
a. L1 cache
c. L3 cache
b. L2 cache
d. L4 cache
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 227
42. Current processors include advanced transfer cache, a type of ____
built directly on a processor chip.
a. L1 cache
c. L3 cache
b. L2 cache
d. L4 cache
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 227
43. ____ is a cache separate from the processor chip on the motherboard.
a. L1 cache
b. L2 cache
ANS: C
c. L3 cache
d. L4 cache
PTS: 1
REF: 227
44. ROM chips called ____ contain permanently written data,
instructions, or information that is recorded
when the chip is manufactured.
a. L1 cache
c. firmware
b. Flash memory
d. microcode
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 228
45. Programmers use ____ instructions to program a PROM chip.
a. microcode
c. firmware
b. L1 cache
d. Flash memory
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 228
46. ____ is a type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased
electronically and reprogrammed, similar to
EEPROM.
a. Flash memory
c. firmware
b. L1 cache
d. microcode
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 228
47. As shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) ____ card is a circuit
board that enhances functions of a
component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals.
a. peripheral
b. adapter
ANS: B
c. conversion
d. microcode
PTS: 1
REF: 230
48. Many of today’s computers support ____, which means the computer
automatically can configure ad-
apter cards like the one in the accompanying figure and other
peripherals as users install them.
a. concatenation
c. daisy chaining
b. peripherals
d. Plug and Play
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 231
49. A(n) ____, such as a keyboard or printer, is a device that connects
to the system unit and is controlled
by the processor in the computer.
a. graphics unit
c. peripheral
b. output system
d. video card
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 230
50. A(n) ____ card converts computer output into a video signal that
travels through a cable to the monit-
or, which displays an image on the screen.
a. output
c. express
b. video
d. PC
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 230
51. Notebook and other mobile computers have at least one ____ slot,
which is a special type of expansion
slot.
a. Flash
c. integrated
b. ExpressCard
d. embedded
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 231
52. ExpressCard modules are the next generation of ____ Cards.
a. Flash
c. integrated
b. PC
d. embedded
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 231
53. A(n) ____ module is a removable flash memory device about one-half
the size of a PC Card that adds
memory, communications, and multimedia capabilities to mobile computers.
a. Flash
c. integrated
b. ExpressCard
d. embedded
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 231
54. A(n) ____ card is a removable device that allows users to transfer
data and information conveniently
from mobile devices to their desktop computers.
a. cached
c. integrated
b. USB
d. memory
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 231
55. A(n) ____ flash drive is a flash memory device that plugs in a port
like the one shown in the accompa-
nying figure on a computer or portable device.
a. peripheral
c. embedded
b. fixed
d. USB
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 231
56. A(n) ____ drive like that in the accompanying figure fits into a
port that is itself an interface that can
connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single
connector.
a. hub
c. daisy
b. USB
d. smart
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 234
57. A USB ____ is a device that plugs in a USB port on the system unit
like the one in the accompanying
figure and contains multiple USB ports in which users plug cables from
USB devices.
a. hub
c. link
b. router
d. modem
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 234
58. A(n) ____ changer is a device that enables users to join two
connectors that are both female or both
male.
a. gender
c. interpolation
b. MTF
d. FTM
ANS: A
PTS: 1
59. Hi-Speed USB is also known as ____.
a. USB 1.0
b. USB 2.0
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 232
c. USB 3.0
d. USB 3.5
REF: 234
60. A ____ port was formerly referred to as an IEEE 1394 port.
a. serial
c. FireWire
b. USB
d. parallel
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 234
61. A FireWire ____ is a device that plugs in a FireWire port on the
system unit like the one in the accom-
panying figure and contains multiple FireWire ports in which users plug
cables from FireWire devices.
a. hub
c. link
b. router
d. modem
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 234
62. Bluetooth technology is ____.
a. similar to a USB port in that it can connect multiple types of
devices that require faster
data transmission speeds
b. a special high-speed parallel port that allows users to attach
peripherals such as disk drives
and printers
c. a special type of serial port that connects the system unit to a
musical instrument
d. an alternative to IrDA that uses radio waves to transmit data
between two devices
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 234
63. A special type of serial port that connects the system unit to a
musical instrument, such as an electronic
keyboard, is called a(n) ____ port.
a. FireWire
b. USB
ANS: C
c. MIDI
d. audio
PTS: 1
REF: 235
64. A(n) ____, which can be a peripheral or a chip, creates sound from
digital instructions.
a. external bus
c. internal bus
b. synthesizer
d. audiometer
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 235
65. A SCSI port is ____.
a. similar to a USB port in that it can connect multiple types of
devices that require faster
data transmission speeds
b. a special high-speed parallel port that allows users to attach
peripherals such as disk drives
and printers
c. a special type of serial port that connects the system unit to a
musical instrument
d. an alternative to IrDA that uses radio waves to transmit data
between two devices
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 235
66. For a wireless device to transmit signals via infrared light waves,
both the computer and the device
must have a(n) ____ port.
a. IrDa
c. USB
b. FireWire
d. either b or c
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 235
67. Within the circuitry of a computer, each channel along which bits
transfer, called a(n) ____, allows the
various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to
communicate with each other.
a. charter
c. bus
b. gender changer
d. word
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 237
68. The size of a bus, called the bus ____, determines the number of
bits that the computer can transmit at
one time.
a. diameter
c. circumference
b. width
d. interpolation
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 237
69. ____ size is the number of bits the processor can interpret and
execute at a given time.
a. Bus
c. Data
b. Byte
d. Word
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 237
70. The wider the bus, the ____ the transfer of data.
a. greater the number of transfer steps required and the slower
b. greater the number of transfer steps required and the faster
c. fewer the number of transfer steps required and the slower
d. fewer the number of transfer steps required and the faster
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 237
71. The PCI bus is ____.
a. the most common and slowest expansion bus
b. a bus designed by Intel to improve the speed with which 3-D graphics
and video transmit
c. a high-speed expansion bus that connects higher speed devices
d. a bus that eliminates the need to install cards into expansion slots
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 238
72. The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) is ____.
a. the most common and slowest expansion bus
b. a bus designed to improve the speed with which 3-D graphics and
video transmit
c. a high-speed expansion bus that connects higher speed devices
d. a bus that eliminates the need to install cards into expansion slots
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 238
73. The USB (universal serial bus) and FireWire bus are ____.
a. the most common and slowest expansion buses
b. buses designed to improve the speed with which 3-D graphics and
video transmit
c. high-speed expansion buses that connect higher speed devices
d. buses that eliminate the need to install cards in expansion slots
ANS: D
PTS: 1
74. ____ are installed in internal bays.
a. CD drives
b. Floppy disk drives
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 238
c. Zip drives
d. Hard disk drives
REF: 238
75. The ____ bus for a PC Card is the PC Card bus.
a. expansion
c. interpolated
b. index
d. power
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 238
76. A(n) ____ is an opening inside the system unit in which additional
equipment can be installed.
a. domain
c. port
b. supply
d. bay
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 238
77. The power ____ is the component of the system unit that converts
the wall outlet AC power into the
DC power a computer requires.
a. surge
c. spotter
b. supply
d. changer
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 239
78. Some external peripherals such as an external modem, speakers, or a
tape drive have an AC ____,
which is an external power supply.
a. link
c. suppressor
b. disk
d. adapter
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 239
79. Preventive maintenance of your computer requires a few basic
products, including ____.
a. lint-free antistatic wipes and swabs
c. screen cleaning solution
b. antistatic wristband
d. all of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 240
80. The first step in cleaning a computer is ____.
a. turn it off, unplug it, and unplug all cables from the ports
b. vacuum the fan on the back of the computer case
c. wipe the case with an antistatic wipe
d. open the case
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 240
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. The electronic components and circuitry of the system unit, such as
the processor and memory, usually
are part of or are connected to a circuit board called the fatherboard.
_________________________
ANS: F, motherboard
PTS: 1
REF: 212
2. Giga is a prefix that stands for thousand, and hertz is one cycle
per minute.
_________________________
ANS: F, Mega
PTS: 1
REF: 216
3. The system clock is one of the factors that influences a computer’s
performance.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 216
4. Heat sinking uses a continuous flow of fluid to transfer the heated
fluid away from the processor to a
radiator-type grill. _________________________
ANS: F, Liquid cooling
PTS: 1
REF: 219
5. Ubiquitous processing divides a problem into portions so that
multiple processors work on their as-
signed portion of the problem at the same time.
_________________________
ANS: F, Parallel
PTS: 1
REF: 220
6. Some applications draw on the idle time of home users’ personal
computers to achieve parallel pro-
cessing. _________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 220
7. In the binary system, the digit 1 represents the electronic state of
off (absence of an electronic charge).
_________________________
ANS: F, 0
PTS: 1
REF: 221
8. Manufacturers state the size of memory chips and storage devices in
terms of the number of bytes the
chip or device has available for storage. _________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 223
9. Most personal computers and servers use Unicode.
_________________________
ANS: F, ASCII
PTS: 1
REF: 221
10. A port replicator is an external device that attached to a mobile
computer or device and contains a
power connection and provides connections to peripherals.
_________________________
ANS: F, docking station
PTS: 1
REF: 236
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
Modified Multiple Choice
1. Each integrated circuit on a computer chip can contain millions of
____.
a. receivers
c. resistors
b. transistors
d. capacitors
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 212
2. The speed of the system clock has no effect on ____.
a. printers
c. disk drives
b. USB flash drives
d. processing speed
ANS: A, B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 216
3. Most computers are digital and recognize a(n) ____ state.
a. on
c. off
b. enhanced
d. ASII
ANS: A, C
PTS: 1
REF: 221
4. Most business users who work with ____ should have between 2 GB and
8 GB of RAM.
a. voice recognition software
c. programs requiring multimedia capabilit-
ies
b. number-intensive accounting software
d. word processing software
ANS: A, B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 226
5. Flash memory chips store data and programs on many ____.
a. portable media players
c. digital voice recorders
b. smart phones
d. PDAs
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
6. Which of the following are peripherals?
a. CPUs
b. keyboards
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
7. ____ is a type of adapter card.
a. USB 2.0
b. A disk controller
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 228
c. modems
d. scanners
REF: 230
c. HDTV tuner
d. A video capture card
REF: 230
8. Depending on the type of SCSI, which stands for small computer
system interface, users can daisy
chain a maximum of ____ devices together.
a. 7
c. 12
b. 8
d. 15
ANS: A, D
PTS: 1
REF: 235
9. In most computers, ____ is the number of bits the processor can
interpret and execute at a given time.
a. word size
c. processor speed
b. bus width
d. sector size
ANS: A, B
PTS: 1
REF: 237
10. Most of today’s processors have a bus clock speed of ____ MHz.
a. 400
c. 800
b. 667
d. 1600
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 237
TRUE/FALSE
1. The case of the system unit is made of metal or plastic and protects
the internal electronic components
from damage.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 210
2. On a personal computer, the various functions performed by the
processor extend over many separate
chips and often multiple circuit boards.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 212
3. The arithmetic unit interprets each instruction issued by a program
and then initiates the appropriate
action to carry out the instruction.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 214
4. Comparison operations include basic calculations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication, and di-
vision.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 214
5. Arithmetic operations involve comparing one data item with another
to determine whether the first
item is greater than, equal to, or less than the other item.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 214
6. Processors that use pipelining are slower because they have to wait
for one instruction to complete the
machine cycle before fetching the next.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 215
7. Each processor on a multi-core chip generally runs at a slower clock
speed than a single-core pro-
cessor.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 216
8. Motorola is the leading manufacturer of Intel-compatible processors,
which have an internal design
similar to Intel processors, perform the same functions, and can be as
powerful, but often are less ex-
pensive.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 216
9. Replacing a motherboard is a fairly simple process, whereas
replacing a processor is much more com-
plicated.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 218
10. Some heat sinks are packaged as part of a processor chip.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 219
11. Some computers use more than one processor chip.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 220
12. A byte is uninformative because it provides only enough different
combinations of 0s and 1s to repres-
ent 8 individual characters.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 221
13. The combinations of 0s and 1s that represent characters are defined
by patterns called a coding
scheme.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 221
14. If a memory chip can store 100 KB, it can hold approximately
100,000 bytes.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 223
15. When the computer’s power is turned off, volatile memory does not
lose its contents.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 223
16. The processor interprets and executes a program’s instructions
while the program is in RAM.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 224
17. Saving is the process of copying items from a storage device such
as a hard disk to RAM.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 225
18. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) chips are faster and more reliable than any
version of SRAM chips.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 225
19. The amount of RAM necessary in a computer is unrelated to the type
of software used.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 226
20. The more RAM a computer has, the faster the computer will respond.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 226
21. Two types of cache are memory cache and disk cache.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 227
22. L2 cache is slightly faster than L1 cache but has a much smaller
capacity.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 227
23. When the processor needs an instruction or data, it searches memory
in this order: L1 cache, then L2
cache, then L3 cache (if it exists), then RAM — with a greater delay in
processing for each level it
must search.
ANS: T
PTS: 1 REF: 227
PTS: 1 REF: 228
24. ROM is nonvolatile.
ANS: T
25. Some portable media players store music on flash memory chips.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 228
26. Most computers use flash memory to hold their startup instructions
because it allows the computer eas-
ily to update its contents.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 228
27. RAM technology uses battery power to retain information even when
the power to the computer is off.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 229
28. Manufacturers and other retailers usually list a computer’s memory
in terms of its access time.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 229
29. A microsecond is one-trillionth of a second.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 229
30. The access time (speed) of memory has no affect on the overall
performance of a computer.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 229
31. Some motherboards include all necessary capabilities and do not
require adapter cards like the one in
the accompanying figure.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 230
32. In the past, installing an adapter card like the one in the
accompanying figure was not easy and re-
quired users to set switches and other elements on the motherboard.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 230
33. Having Plug and Play support means you can plug in a device, turn
on the computer, and then immedi-
ately begin using the device.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 231
34. Smart phones use memory cards.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 231
35. Female connectors have one or more exposed pins, like the end of an
electrical cord that is plugged
into the wall.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 232
36. Manufacturers often identify cables by their connector types to
assist users with purchasing a cable to
connect to a peripheral.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 233
37. USB ports on a mobile device usually are the same size as those on
personal computers.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 234
38. USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 are backward compatible, which means they
support older USB devices as well
as USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 devices.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 234
39. Hi-Speed USB is a more advanced and faster USB, with speeds 40
times higher than that of its prede-
cessor.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 234
40. A FireWire port allows a user to connect up to 15 devices together.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 234
41. The latest FireWire version, called FireWire 3200, is much faster
than the original FireWire 400.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 234
42. A system unit with a MIDI port has the capability of recording
sounds that have been created by a syn-
thesizer and then processing the sounds (the data) to create new sounds.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 235
43. Several devices that use IrDA ports use a high-speed IrDA port,
sometimes called a fast infrared port.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 235
44. IrDA devices do not have to be aligned with each other.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 235
45. Buses transfer bits from input devices to memory, from memory to
the processor, from the processor
to memory, and from memory to output or storage devices.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 237
46. The data bus transfers information about where the data should
reside in memory, and the address bus
transfers actual data.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 237
47. The larger the number of bits handled by the bus, the slower the
computer transfers data.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 237
48. Computers with a larger word size can process less data in the same
amount of time than computers
with a smaller word size.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 237
49. A system bus allows the processor to communicate with peripherals.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 237
50. A DC adapter converts the DC power from the wall outlet into the AC
power that the peripheral re-
quires.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 239
COMPLETION
1. Less expensive, basic PCs use a brand of Intel processor(s) in the
____________________ or Pentium
family.
ANS: Celeron
PTS: 1
REF: 216
2. The ____________________ and Itanium processors are ideal for
workstations and low-end servers.
ANS: Xeon
PTS: 1
REF: 216
3. To help consumers evaluate various processors, Intel and AMD now use
a(n) ____________________
scheme that more accurately reflects the processing speed of their
chips.
ANS: numbering
PTS: 1
REF: 217
4. Intel’s ____________________ technology provides the capability to
track computer hardware and
software, diagnose and resolve computer problems, and secure computers
from outside threats.
ANS: vPro
PTS: 1
REF: 217
5. A(n) ____________________ program is written to run much faster than
those in nonthreaded envir-
onments.
ANS: multi-threaded
PTS: 1
REF: 217
6. Because a heat sink consumes a lot of space, a smaller device called
a heat ____________________
cools processors in notebook computers.
ANS: pipe
PTS: 1
REF: 219
7. A method known as ____________________ processing uses multiple
processors simultaneously to
execute a single program or task.
ANS: parallel
PTS: 1
REF: 220
8. ____________________ processing is used by supercomputers for
applications such as weather fore-
casting.
ANS: Parallel
PTS: 1
REF: 220
9. ____________________ is the most widely used coding scheme used to
represent data.
ANS:
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASCII
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
PTS: 1
REF: 221
10. ____________________ is a coding scheme capable of representing
almost all of the world’s current
written languages, as well as classic and historical languages.
ANS: Unicode
PTS: 1
REF: 221
11. The ____________________ system is a number system that has just
two unique digits, 0 and 1,
called bits.
ANS: binary
PTS: 1
REF: 221
12. A(n) ____________________ digit is the smallest unit of data the
computer can process.
ANS: binary
PTS: 1
REF: 221
13. When 8 bits are grouped together as a unit, they form a(n)
____________________.
ANS: byte
PTS: 1
REF: 221
14. Each byte resides temporarily in a location in memory, called a(n)
____________________.
ANS: address
PTS: 1
REF: 223
15. ____________________ memory does not lose its contents when power
is removed from the com-
puter.
ANS: Nonvolatile
PTS: 1
REF: 223
16. ____________________ stores the data being processed and the
resulting information.
ANS: Memory
PTS: 1
REF: 223
17. A(n) ____________________ is the basic storage unit in memory.
ANS: byte
PTS: 1
REF: 223
18. A(n) ____________________ is equal to exactly 1,024 bytes, but
computer users often round it down
to 1,000 bytes to simplify memory and storage definitions.
ANS:
kilobyte
KB
K
PTS: 1
REF: 223
19. A(n) ____________________ is equal to approximately 1 million bytes.
ANS:
megabyte
MB
PTS: 1
REF: 223
20. A(n) ____________________ equals approximately 1 billion bytes.
ANS:
GB
gigabyte
PTS: 1
REF: 223
21. ____________________ is a DRAM variation that is designed for
computers with multi-core pro-
cessors.
ANS: DDR3
PTS: 1
REF: 225
22. Most of today’s computers improve processing time with
____________________, which stores fre-
quently used instructions and data.
ANS: cache
PTS: 1
REF: 227
23. ____________________ cache is a type of cache that helps speed the
processes of a computer because
it stores frequently used instructions and data.
ANS: Programmable
PTS: 1
REF: 227
24. ____________________ refers to memory chips storing permanent data
and instructions.
ANS:
Read-only memory
ROM
Read-only memory (ROM)
ROM (Read-only memory)
PTS: 1
REF: 228
25. A(n) ____________________ chip is a blank ROM chip onto which a
programmer can write perman-
ently.
ANS:
PROM (programmable read-only memory)
programmable read-only memory (PROM)
programmable read-only memory
PROM
PTS: 1
REF: 228
26. A variation of the PROM chip, called a(n) ____________________
chip, allows a programmer to
erase the microcode with an electrical signal.
ANS:
EEPROM
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory)
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM)
PTS: 1
REF: 228
27. Some RAM chips, flash memory chips, and other types of memory chips
use ____________________
technology because it provides high speeds and consumes little power.
ANS:
CMOS
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor)
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
PTS: 1
REF: 229
28. ____________________ time is the amount of time it takes the
processor to read data, instructions,
and information from memory.
ANS: Access
PTS: 1
REF: 229
29. A nanosecond (abbreviated ns) is one ____________________ of a
second.
ANS: billionth
PTS: 1
REF: 229
30. A(n) ____________________ enhances the audio-generating
capabilities of a personal computer by
allowing sound to be input through a microphone and output through
external speakers or headphones.
ANS: sound card
PTS: 1
REF: 230
31. A(n) ____________________ card converts computer output into a
signal that travels through a cable
to the monitor, which displays an image on the screen.
ANS:
video
graphics
PTS: 1
REF: 230
32. A(n) ____________________ card connects computers through telephone
or cable television lines.
ANS: modem
PTS: 1
REF: 230
33. A(n) ____________________ card connects other computers and
peripherals.
ANS: network
PTS: 1
REF: 230
34. A(n) ____________________ slot is a socket on the motherboard that
can hold an adapter card like
the one in the accompanying figure.
ANS: expansion
PTS: 1
REF: 230
35. A(n) ____________________ is the point at which a peripheral
attaches to or communicates with the
system unit so it can send data or receive information from the
computer.
ANS: port
PTS: 1
REF: 232
36. A(n) ____________________ joins a cable to a peripheral.
ANS: connector
PTS: 1
REF: 232
37. Instead of port, the term ____________________ sometimes is used to
identify audio and video ports.
ANS: jack
PTS: 1
REF: 232
38. USB 3.0 is more than ____________________ times faster than USB 2.0.
ANS:
10
ten
PTS: 1
REF: 234
39. A(n) ____________________ port is similar to a USB port in that it
can connect multiple types of
devices that require faster data transmission speeds.
ANS:
FireWire
IEEE 1394
PTS: 1
REF: 234
40. A(n) ____________________ port is a type of interface that connects
a device to the system unit by
transmitting data one bit at a time.
ANS: serial
PTS: 1
REF: 235
MATCHING
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or
definition.
a. Bluetooth
k. parallel
b. SCSI
l. multi-core
c. eSATA
m. serial port
d. IrDA
n. pipelining
e. MIDI
o. nanosecond
f. word size
p. CMOS
g. bay
q. ROM
h. AGP
r. nonvolatile
i. PCI
s. byte
j. external
t. motherboard
1. Frees processors from having to wait for one instruction to complete
the machine cycle before fetching
the next
2. An opening inside the system unit in which you can install
additional equipment
3. A bus designed by Intel to improve the speed with which 3-D graphics
and video transmit
4. This kind of processor is a chip with two or more processors
5. Type of bay that allows a user to access openings in the bay from
outside the system unit
6. Type of processing used by supercomputers
7. Technology that uses radio waves to transmit data between two devices
8. Memory usually consists of one or more chips on this
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16. The basic storage unit in memory
17. SAS is a newer type of this kind of port
18. Type of memory that can keep its contents when the power is removed
from the computer
19. Allows you to connect a hard disk that is popular because of its
fast data transmission speeds
20. Port that allows a device to transmit data via infrared light waves
The data on this type of chip cannot be modified
The flash memory chips that store a computer’s startup
information frequently use this kind of techno-
logy
Special type of serial port that connects the system unit to a
musical instrument
An extremely fast unit of time
The number of bits the processor can interpret and execute at a given
time
Type of port that can transmit data one bit at a time
A high-speed expansion bus that connects higher speed devices
1. ANS:
2. ANS:
3. ANS:
4. ANS:
5. ANS:
6. ANS:
7. ANS:
8. ANS:
9. ANS:
10. ANS:
11. ANS:
12. ANS:
13. ANS:
14. ANS:
15. ANS:
16. ANS:
17. ANS:
18. ANS:
19. ANS:
20. ANS:
N
G
H
L
J
K
A
T
S
B
R
C
D
Q
P
E
O
F
M
I
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
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REF:
REF:
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REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
215
239
239
213
239
220
234
212
223
234
223
234
234
228
229
235
229
237
235
238
ESSAY
1. Explain what the motherboard is, and use the following terms in your
answer: chip, integrated circuit,
and transistor
ANS:
The motherboard, sometimes called a system board, is the main circuit
board of the system unit. Many
electronic components attach to the motherboard; others are built into
it. Memory chips are installed
on memory cards (modules) that fit in a slot on the motherboard. A
computer chip is a small piece of
semi-conducting material, usually silicon, on which integrated circuits
are etched. An integrated circuit
contains many microscopic pathways capable of carrying electrical
current. Each integrated circuit can
contain millions of elements such as resistors, capacitors, and
transistors. A transistor, for example,
can act as an electronic switch that opens or closes the circuit for
electrical charges. Today’s computer
chips contain millions or billions of transistors. Most chips are no
bigger than one-half-inch square.
Manufacturers package chips so the chips can be attached to a circuit
board, such as a motherboard or
an adapter card..
PTS: 1
REF: 212
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. What is the system clock?
ANS:
The processor relies on a small quartz crystal circuit called the
system clock to control the timing of all
computer operations. Just as your heart beats at a regular rate to keep
your body functioning, the sys-
tem clock generates regular electronic pulses, or ticks, that set the
operating pace of components of the
system unit.
Each tick equates to a clock cycle. In the past, processors used one or
more clock cycles to execute
each instruction. Processors today often are superscalar, which means
they can execute more than one
instruction per clock cycle.
The pace of the system clock, called the clock speed, is measured by
the number of ticks per second.
Current personal computer processors have clock speeds in the gigahertz
range. Giga is a prefix that
stands for billion, and a hertz is one cycle per second. Thus, one
gigahertz (GHz) equals one billion
ticks of the system clock per second. A computer that operates at 3 GHz
has 3 billion (giga) clock
cycles in one second (hertz).
The faster the clock speed, the more instructions the processor can
execute per second. The speed of
the system clock has no effect on devices such as a printer or disk
drive. The speed of the system clock
is just one factor that influences a computer’s performance. Other
factors include the type of processor
chip, amount of cache, memory access time, bus width, and bus clock
speed.
PTS: 1
REF: 216
TOP: Critical Thinking
3. Discuss a comparison of personal computer processors. Distinguish
between Intel and Intel-compatible
processors.
ANS:
The leading processor chip manufacturers for personal computers are
Intel and AMD. These manufac-
turers often identify their processor chips by a model name or model
number. High-performance com-
puters today may use a processor in the Intel Core family. Less
expensive, basic personal computers
may use a brand of Intel processor in the Pentium or Celeron family.
The Xeon and Itanium families of
processors are ideal for workstations and low-end servers.
AMD is the leading manufacturer of Intel-compatible processors, which
have an internal design simil-
ar to Intel processors, perform the same functions, and can be as
powerful, but often are less expens-
ive.
In the past, chip manufacturers listed a processor’s clock speed in
marketing literature and advertise-
ments. Clock speed, however, is only one factor that impacts processing
speed in today’s computers.
To help consumers evaluate various processors, manufacturers such as
Intel and AMD now use a num-
bering scheme that more accurately reflects the processing speed of
their chips
PTS: 1
REF: 216-217
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Discuss parallel processing and explain what massively parallel
processing is as well.
ANS:
Parallel processing is a method that uses multiple processors
simultaneously to execute a single pro-
gram or task. Parallel processing divides a single problem into
portions so that multiple processors
work on their assigned portion of the problem at the same time.
Parallel processing requires special
software that recognizes how to divide the problem and then bring the
results back together again.
Some personal computers implement parallel processing with dual-core
processors or multi-core pro-
cessors. Others have two or more separate processor chips, respectively
called dual processor or multi-
processor computers.
Massively parallel processing is large scale parallel processing that
involves hundreds or thousands of
processors. Supercomputers use massively parallel processing for
applications such as artificial intelli-
gence and weather forecasting.
PTS: 1
REF: 220
TOP: Critical Thinking
5. What are the three types of RAM? Describe each type in detail.
ANS:
• Dynamic RAM (DRAM pronounced DEE-ram) chips must be re-energized
constantly or they lose
their contents. Many variations of DRAM chips exist, most of which are
faster than the basic DRAM.
Many variations of DRAM chips exist, most of which are faster than the
basic DRAM. Most personal
computers today use some form of SDRAM chips or RDRAM chips.
• Static RAM (SRAM pronounced ESS-ram) chips are faster and more
reliable than any variation of
DRAM chips. These chips do not have to be re-energized as often as DRAM
chips, thus, the term stat-
ic. SRAM chips, however, are much more expensive than DRAM chips.
Special applications such as
cache use SRAM chips.
• A newer type of RAM, called magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM pronounced
EM-ram), stores data us-
ing magnetic charges instead of electrical charges. Manufacturers claim
that MRAM has greater stor-
age capacity, consumes less power, and has faster access times than
electronic RAM. Also, MRAM re-
tains its contents after power is removed from the computer, which
could prevent loss of data for users.
As the cost of MRAM declines, experts predict MRAM could replace both
DRAM and SRAM.
PTS: 1
REF: 225
TOP: Critical Thinking
6. Explain what cache is used for, making sure to cover each of the
types of cache.
ANS:
Most of today’s computers improve processing times with cache
(pronounced cash). Two types of
cache are memory cache and disk cache. This chapter discusses memory
cache. Memory cache helps
speed the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used
instructions and data. Most per-
sonal computers today have two types of memory cache: L1 cache and L2
cache. Some also have L3
cache.
• L1 cache is built directly in the processor chip. L1 cache usually
has a very small capacity, ranging
from 8 KB to 128 KB. The more common sizes for personal computers are
32 KB or 64 KB.
• L2 cache is slightly slower than L1 cache but has a much larger
capacity, ranging from 64 KB to 16
MB. When discussing cache, most users are referring to L2 cache.
Current processors include ad-
vanced transfer cache (ATC), a type of L2 cache built directly on the
processor chip. Processors that
use ATC perform at much faster rates than those that do not use it.
Personal computers today typically have from 512 KB to 12 MB of
advanced transfer cache. Servers
and workstations have from 12 MB to 16 MB of advanced transfer cache.
• L3 cache is a cache on the motherboard that is separate from the
processor chip. L3 cache exists only
on computers that use L2 advanced transfer cache. Personal computers
often have up to 8 MB of L3
cache; servers and workstations have from 8 MB to 24 MB of L3 cache.
Cache speeds up processing time because it stores frequently used
instructions and data. When the pro-
cessor needs an instruction or data, it searches memory in this order:
L1 cache, then L2 cache, then L3
cache (if it exists), then RAM — with a greater delay in processing for
each level of memory it must
search. If the instruction or data is not found in memory, then it must
search a slower speed storage
medium such as a hard disk, CD, or DVD.
PTS: 1
REF: 227
TOP: Critical Thinking
CASE
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 1
In your role as a consultant for people buying new computer systems,
you always work hard to stay
abreast of the latest RAM guidelines for the various levels of users.
1. One of your clients is a power user who runs CAD software. Which of
the following configurations
would be an appropriate system for her?
a. AMD Sempron processor, with 1 GB
memory
c. AMD Athlon X2Dual-Core processor, with
1 GB memory
b. AMD Athlon 64 X2 processor, with 2 GB
memory
d. AMD Quad Core Opteron processor, with
8 GB memory
ANS:
d.
PTS: 1
REF: 239
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. Another client used to just use standard application software but
with the purchase of a new computer,
he expects to start creating Web sites, playing Internet games, and
participating in video conferences.
Which of the following configurations would be a good match for his new
anticipated needs?
a. AMD Sempron processor, with 1 GB
memory
c. AMD Athlon X2 Dual-Core processor,
with 1 GB memory
b. AMD Athlon X2 processor, with 4 GB
memory
d. AMD Quad Core Opteron processor, with
8 GB memory
ANS:
b.
PTS: 1
REF: 239
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 2
TOP: Critical Thinking
Ports and connectors have always been a little bit of a mystery to you,
so you have decided to learn
more about them.
3. You are looking for a port that will allow a system unit to have the
capability of recording sounds that
have been created by a synthesizer and then processing the sounds to
create new sounds. Which of the
following ports satisfy this requirement?
a. IrDA
c. eSATA
b. Bluetooth
d. MIDI
ANS:
d.
PTS: 1
REF: 235
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. You have a new wireless headset that you plan to connect to your
smart phone. Which of the following
types of headsets do you have?
a. IrDA
c. eSATA
b. Bluetooth
d. MIDI
ANS:
b.
PTS: 1
REF: 234
TOP: Critical Thinking
Chapter 5: Input
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A program is ____.
a. a collection of unprocessed text, numbers, images, audio, and video
b. a series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to
do it
c. an instruction issued by replying to a question that is displayed
d. an instruction that causes a single specific action to be performed
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 258
2. ____ is any data and instructions entered into the memory of a
computer.
a. Input
c. Output
b. Throughput
d. Volume
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 258
3. A command is ____.
a. a collection of unprocessed text, numbers, images, audio, and video
b. a series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to
do it
c. an instruction issued by replying to a question that is displayed
d. an instruction that causes a program to perform a specific action
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 259
4. A user response is ____.
a. a collection of unprocessed text, numbers, images, audio, and video
b. a series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to
do it
c. an instruction issued by replying to a question that is displayed
d. an instruction that causes a program to perform a specific action
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 259
5. A(n) ____ device is any hardware component that allows users to
enter data or instructions (programs,
commands, and user responses) into a computer.
a. output
c. entry
b. input
d. screen
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 260
6. A(n) ____ is an input device that contains keys users press to enter
data into a computer.
a. keyboard
c. gamepad
b. light pen
d. stylus
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 260
7. All computer keyboards, such as that in the accompanying figure,
have ____ that includes letters of the
alphabet, numbers, punctuation marks, and other basic keys.
a. arrow keys
c. Internet controls
b. a typing area
d. a numeric keypad
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 260
8. ____, such as those shown on the keyboard in the accompanying
figure, are special keys programmed
to issue commands to a computer.
a. Function keys
c. Arrow keys
b. Toggle keys
d. Numeric keys
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 260
9. Keyboards, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, contain
keys that allow users to position
the insertion point, also known as a(n) ____ in some programs.
a. icon
c. button
b. cursor
d. menu
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 261
10. Nearly all keyboards, such as that shown in the accompanying
figure, have a(n) ____ that switches
between two states each time a user presses the key.
a. arrow key
c. toggle key
b. function key
d. numeric key
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 261
11. A(n) ____ keyboard is designed specifically for users that enjoy
playing games on the computer.
a. entertainment
c. function
b. gaming
d. multimedia
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 261
12. The ____ is a symbol on the screen, usually a blinking vertical
bar, that indicates where the next char-
acter typed will display.
a. mouse
c. cursor
b. index
d. keystroke
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 261
13. A(n) ____ keyboard usually contains programmable keys so users can
customize the keyboard to the
game being played.
a. ergonomic
c. desktop
b. application
d. gaming
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 262
14. To fit in notebook and many handheld computers, the keyboards
usually are ____.
a. smaller and have fewer keys
c. larger and have more keys
b. smaller but have more keys
d. larger but have fewer keys
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 262
15. In contrast to most desktop computers, a typical notebook computer
usually has about ____ keys.
a. 55
c. 85
b. 70
d. 100
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 262
16. A(n) ____ keyboard has a design that reduces the chance of wrist
and hand injuries.
a. basal
c. strength-building
b. enhanced
d. ergonomic
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 262
17. The goal of ____ is to incorporate comfort, efficiency, and safety
in the design of items in the work-
place.
a. ergonomics
c. concatenation
b. calisthenics
d. basal design
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 262
18. A(n) ____ device is an input device that allows a user to control a
pointer on the screen.
a. tracking
c. basal
b. pointing
d. pad
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 263
19. In a graphical user interface, a(n) ____ is a small symbol on the
screen whose location and shape
changes as a user moves a pointing device.
a. index
c. pointer
b. keypad
d. keystroke
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 263
20. A(n) ____, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, is a
pointing device that fits comfortably
under the palm of the hand.
a. light pen
c. mouse
b. stylus
d. trackpad
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 263
21. A newer type of the kind of device shown in the accompanying figure
is a(n) ____ mouse, which is
motion-sensing.
a. resolution
c. optical
b. traction
d. air
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 263
22. A(n) ____ mouse, like the one shown in the accompanying figure,
uses devices that emit and sense
light to detect movement.
a. mechanical
c. optical
b. tracking
d. enhanced
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 263
23. A(n) ____ mouse is a battery-powered mouse that transmits data
using wireless technology, such as ra-
dio waves or infrared light waves.
a. light
c. wireless
b. optical
d. radio
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 264
24. Similar to a mechanical mouse that has a ball on the bottom, a(n)
____ is a stationary pointing device
with a ball on its top or side.
a. trackball
c. optical mouse
b. touchpad
d. stylus
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 265
25. A(n) ____ is a small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is
sensitive to pressure and motion.
a. trackball
c. optical mouse
b. touchpad
d. stylus
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 265
26. A(n) ____ is a touch-sensitive display device that users interact
with by touching the screen with a fin-
ger.
a. trackpad
c. touchpad
b. touch screen
d. stylus
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 266
27. A(n) ____ is a small metal or plastic device that looks like a tiny
ink pen but uses pressure instead of
ink.
a. trackball
c. light pen
b. optical mouse
d. stylus
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 268
28. An artist can create drawings and sketches by using a pen or cursor
on a(n) ____ tablet, which is a flat,
rectangular, electronic plastic board.
a. display
c. sketch
b. multimedia
d. graphics
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 268
29. A(n) ____, sometimes called a game controller, is a pointing device
that controls the movement and
actions of players or objects in video games or computer games.
a. trackpad
c. gamepad
b. game screen
d. stylus
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 270
30. A dance ____ is a flat electronic device divided into panels that
users press with their feet in response
to instructions from a music video game.
a. pad
c. screen
b. mat
d. form
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 270
31. The most expensive and highest quality version of the technology
shown in the accompanying figure is
a ____, which is a stationary camera used for professional studio work.
a. studio camera
c. field camera
b. plug-and-play camera
d. point-and-shoot camera
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 272
32. Often used by photojournalists, a ____ is a portable version of the
technology shown in the accompa-
nying figure that has many lenses and other attachments.
a. studio camera
c. field camera
b. plug-and-play camera
d. point-and-shoot camera
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 272
33. A ____ is a more affordable and lightweight version of the
technology shown in the accompanying
figure and provides acceptable photographic images for the home or
small business user.
a. studio camera
c. field camera
b. plug-and-play camera
d. point-and-shoot camera
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 272
34. Manufacturers often use ____ to represent the resolution of a
digital camera like the one shown in the
accompanying figure.
a. points per inch (ppi)
c. points per screen (pps)
b. pixels per screen (pps)
d. pixels per inch (ppi)
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 273
35. The actual photographed resolution of a digital camera like the one
shown in the accompanying figure
is known as the ____.
a. optical resolution
c. enhanced resolution
b. standard resolution
d. visual resolution
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 273
36. A(n) ____ camera allows users to take pictures and store the
photographed images digitally, instead of
on traditional film.
a. analog
c. digital
b. multimedia
d. relay
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 272
37. Often users ____, or transfer a copy of, the images from a digital
camera to a computer’s hard disk.
a. upload
c. reload
b. relay
d. download
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 272
38. ____ is the number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display
device.
a. Matrix
c. Resolution
b. Index
d. Capture rate
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 273
39. Voice ____ is the process of entering data by speaking into a
microphone.
a. matter
c. output
b. input
d. outreach
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 274
40. Voice ____ is the computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken
words.
a. input
c. recognition
b. indexing
d. concatenation
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 274
41. Audio ____ is the process of entering any sound into the computer
such as speech, music, and sound
effects.
a. input
c. recognition
b. indexing
d. concatenation
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 274
42. Music ____ software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit
music and sounds.
a. conversion
c. indexing
b. production
d. recognition
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 274
43. Video ____ is the process of capturing full-motion images into a
computer and storing them on a stor-
age medium such as a hard disk or DVD.
a. input
c. recognition
b. indexing
d. concatenation
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 275
44. One type of adapter card that has a video capture port is a video
____ card, which converts an analog
video signal into a digital signal that a computer can use.
a. index
c. capture
b. recognition
d. transfer
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 275
45. A(n) ____ camera records video as digital signals instead of analog
signals.
a. AV
c. CV
b. BV
d. DV
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 275
46. A(n) ____ cam is a type of digital video camera that enables a home
or small business user to capture
video and still images, send e-mail messages with video attachments,
add live images to instant mes-
sages, broadcast live images over the Internet, and make video
telephone calls.
a. online
c. conference
b. Web
d. vid
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 275
47. During a(n) ____ telephone call, both parties see each other as
they communicate over the Internet.
a. Web
c. online
b. video
d. bilateral
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 275-276
48. A ____ is another window on the screen during a video conference
that displays notes and drawings
simultaneously on all participants' screens.
a. converter
c. relay screen
b. whiteboard
d. capture screen
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 276
49. A(n) ____ conference is a meeting between two or more
geographically separated people who use a
network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data.
a. optical
c. video
b. online
d. Internet
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 276
50. A(n) ____ is similar to an electronic filing cabinet that provides
access to exact reproductions of the
original documents.
a. charge-coupled device
c. image processing system
b. optical reader
d. video conference
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 278
51. A(n) ____ scanner works in a manner similar to a copy machine
except it creates a file of the docu-
ment in memory instead of a paper copy.
a. drum
c. roller
b. baseline
d. flatbed
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 278
52. Many scanners include ____ software, which can read and convert
text documents into electronic files.
a. DCR
c. OCR
b. ECR
d. SCR
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 278
53. A(n) ____ reader is a device that uses a light source to read
characters, marks, and codes and then con-
verts them into digital data that a computer can process.
a. character
c. legibility
b. literature
d. optical
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 279
54. ____ is a technology that involves reading typewritten,
computer-printed, or hand-printed characters
from ordinary documents and translating the images into a form that the
computer can process.
a. DCR
c. OCR
b. ECR
d. SCR
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 279
55. Most ____ devices include a small optical scanner for reading
characters and sophisticated software to
analyze what is read.
a. DCR
c. OCR
b. ECR
d. SCR
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 279
56. Many companies use OCR characters on a(n) ____ document, which is a
document that is returned to
the company that creates and sends it.
a. flip
c. report
b. inverse
d. turnaround
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 279
57. ____ is a technology that reads hand-drawn marks such as small
circles or rectangles.
a. OMR
c. OCR
b. TCR
d. MICR
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 279
58. A(n) ____ is an identification code that consists of a set of
vertical lines and spaces of different widths.
a. RFID
c. bar code
b. OCR
d. turnaround
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 280
59. Retail and grocery stores use the ____ bar code.
a. UPC (Universal Product Code)
b. Interleaved 2 of 5
c. Codabar
d. POSTNET (Postal Numeric Coding Technique)
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 280
60. As shown in the accompanying figure, ____ is a technology that uses
radio signals to communicate
with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person.
a. OCR
c. OMR
b. RFID
d. TMR
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 280
61. Many retailers see the technology shown in the accompanying figure
as an alternative to bar codes be-
cause it ____.
a. requires direct contact
b. does not require line-of-sight transmission
c. requires each item to be checked out individually
d. all of the above
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 280
62. ____ is used almost exclusively by the banking industry for check
processing.
a. MICR
c. MIDI
b. OCR
d. OCM
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 281
63. A(n) ____ reader reads the magnetic stripe on the back of credit
cards, entertainment cards, bank
cards, and other similar cards.
a. MICR
c. OCR
b. magstripe
d. any of the above
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 281
64. ____ devices read text printed with magnetized ink.
a. ACR
c. OCR
b. SCR
d. MICR
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 281
65. A(n) ____ reader converts MICR characters into a form the computer
can process.
a. MICR
b. POS
ANS: A
c. terminal
d. OCR
PTS: 1
REF: 281
66. Instead of reading or scanning data from a source document, a(n)
____ device obtains data directly at
the location where the transaction or event takes place.
a. transmission
c. scanning
b. data collection
d. recognition
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 282
67. A(n) ____ identifier is a physiological or behavioral
characteristic such as fingerprints, hand geometry,
facial features, voice, signatures, and eye patterns.
a. personal
c. indexed
b. biometric
d. basal
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 282
68. A(n) ____ device translates a personal characteristic (the input)
into a digital code that is compared
with a digital code stored in the computer.
a. personal
c. biometric
b. basal
d. indexed
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 282
69. ____ is the technology of authenticating a person’s identity by
verifying a personal characteristic.
a. Concatenation
c. Facial topology
b. Fingerprint elision
d. Biometrics
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 282
70. A fingerprint ____ captures curves and indentations of a
fingerprint.
a. collector
c. system
b. opticon
d. scanner
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 282
71. A face ____ system captures a live face image and compares it with
a stored image to determine if the
person is a legitimate user.
a. verification
c. recognition
b. authentication
d. indexing
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 282
72. A voice ____ system compares a person’s live speech with their
stored voice pattern.
a. verification
c. recognition
b. authentication
d. indexing
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 283
73. A retinal ____ works similarly to an iris recognition system, but
instead scans patterns of blood vessels
in the back of the retina.
a. reader
c. scanner
b. opticon
d. basal monitor
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 283
74. A ____ consists of a keyboard, a monitor, a video card, and memory,
often housed in a single unit.
a. magstripe
c. terminal
b. PC
d. teller machine
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 284
75. Most retail stores use a(n) ____ terminal to record purchases,
process credit or debit cards, and update
inventory.
a. ATM
c. POS
b. OCR
d. MICR
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 284
76. ____, such as POS terminals and automated teller machines, perform
specific tasks and contain fea-
tures uniquely designed for use in a particular industry.
a. Vertically oriented terminals
c. Horizontally oriented terminals
b. Special-purpose terminals
d. General-purpose terminals
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 284
77. In a grocery store, a(n) ____ is a combination of an electronic
cash register, bar code reader, and print-
er.
a. automated teller machine (ATM)
c. point of sale (POS) terminal
b. flatbed scanner
d. smart display
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 284
78. The location in a retail or grocery store where a consumer pays for
goods or services is the ____.
a. BOS
c. POS
b. TOS
d. COS
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 284
79. An ATM (automated teller machine) asks users to enter a password,
called a ____, which verifies that
the user is the holder of the bankcard.
a. digital signal processor (DSP)
c. universal product code (UPC)
b. private origin signal (POS)
d. personal identification number (PIN)
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 284
80. The ____ requires any company with 15 or more employees to make
reasonable attempts to accom-
modate the needs of physically challenged workers.
a. ADA
c. W3C
b. AMA
d. Smith-Rakoff Act of 1997
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 286
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
Modified Multiple Choice
1. To move the pointer using a trackball, rotate the ball with ____.
a. fingers
c. a thumb
b. the palm of a hand
d. head movements
ANS: A, B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 265
2. ____ create drawings and sketches by using a pressure-sensitive pen
or a cursor on a graphics tablet.
a. Architects
c. Mapmakers
b. Designers
d. Physicians
ANS: A, B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 268
3. With some digital cameras, images download through a cable that
connects between the digital camera
and a(n) ____ port.
a. serial
c. parallel
b. USB
d. IEEE
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 272
4. A camera with a 5.1-megapixel (4,200,000 pixels) resolution will
provide a poorer quality than one
with a ____-megapixel resolution.
a. 3.2
c. 6.1
b. 4.1
d. 8.2
ANS: C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 273
5. Attached to a computer’s ____ port, a PC video camera usually sits
on top of the monitor.
a. parallel
c. serial
b. FireWire
d. USB
ANS: B, D
PTS: 1
REF: 276
6. To participate in a video conference, a user needs video
conferencing software along with ____ at-
tached to a computer.
a. a microphone
c. a scanner
b. speakers
d. a digital camera
ANS: A, B
PTS: 1
REF: 276
7. Businesses often use scanners for image processing, which consists
of ____ images.
a. manipulating
c. analyzing
b. printing
d. storing
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
8. Given a scanned object, a user can ____.
a. post it to a Web site
b. include it in another document
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
9. RFID tags contain ____.
a. MICR characters
b. bar codes
ANS: C, D
PTS: 1
10. ____ is/are (a) biometric identifier(s).
a. Hand geometry
b. Facial features
REF: 278
c. attach it to an e-mail message
d. store it on a storage medium
REF: 278
c. a memory chip
d. an antenna
REF: 280
c. Baldness patterns
d. Gait
ANS: A, B
PTS: 1
REF: 282
TRUE/FALSE
1. When pressed, the APPLICATION key displays the Start menu.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 261
2. Few keyboards have toggle keys.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 261
3. Some gaming keyboards have small displays that show game statistics,
such as time or targets remain-
ing.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 262
4. On notebook and some handheld computers, smart phones, and other
mobile devices, the keyboard is
built in the top of the system unit.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 262
5. Even keyboards that are not ergonomically designed attempt to offer
the user more comfort by includ-
ing a wrist rest or palm rest.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 262
6. Some phones use predictive text input, where you press one key on
the keypad for each letter in a
word and software on the phone predicts the word you want.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 262
7. An optical mouse that uses optical sensors can be placed on nearly
all types of surfaces.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 263
8. As a user moves a mouse, the pointer on the screen also moves.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 263
9. The wireless technology used for a wireless mouse is very different
from that of a wireless keyboard.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 264
10. Some users prefer a wireless mouse because it frees up desk space
and eliminates the clutter of a cord.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 264
11. Windows users work with a mouse that has only one button.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 264
12. The function of the mouse buttons and the wheel varies depending on
the program.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 264
13. For a right-handed user, the left button usually is the secondary
mouse button.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 264
14. The mouse is the most widely used pointing device today.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 265
15. To move the pointer using a pointing stick, push the pointing stick
with a finger.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 266
16. A pointing stick requires additional desk space.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 266
17. Because they require little arm movements, users enter large
amounts of data into touch screens.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 266
18. Many handheld game consoles have touch screens.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 266
19. When drawing on a graphics tablet with a pen or cursor, the tablet
detects and converts the movements
into digital signals that are sent in a computer.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 268
20. To capture a handwritten signature, a user writes his or her name
on a signature capture pad with a
stylus or pen that is attached to the device.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 268
21. A stylus is slightly larger than a digital pen.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 268
22. Large-scale applications sometimes refer to a graphics tablet as a
scanner.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 268
23. Some smart phones have digital cameras that take pictures and
touch-sensitive pads that enable you to
interact with media.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 268
24. Optical keyboards project an image of a keyboard on a flat surface.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 268
25. Some portable keyboards are wireless.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 268
26. A joystick usually includes buttons called triggers that are
pressed to activate certain events.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 270
27. Gamepads can communicate with a game console or a personal computer
via wired or wireless techno-
logy.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 270
28. While many digital cameras look like a traditional camera, some
models are built in smart phones and
other personal mobile devices.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 272
29. Digital camera resolutions range from approximately 4 million to
more than 128 million pixels (MP).
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 273
30. For multiple colors and shades of gray, each pixel in a digital
camera requires less than one bit of data.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 273
31. The higher the ppi, the more images you can store in the camera.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 273
32. Voice over IP enables users to speak to other users over the
Internet.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 274
33. The best voice recognition programs are 50 to 55 percent accurate.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 274
34. Voice input is part of a larger category of input called video
input.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 274
35. Voice recognition programs are 100% accurate.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 274
36. Most new computers are equipped with a video capture card because
all users have the need for this
type of adapter card.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 275
37. To transfer recorded images from a digital video (DV) camera to a
hard disk or optical disc, a com-
puter needs a video capture card.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 275
38. The cost of a Web cam usually is less than $50.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 276
39. OCR software is useful if a user needs to modify a document, but
does not have the original word pro-
cessing file.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 278
40. Commercial scanners designed for power users range from 600 to 9600
ppi.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 278
41. All scanners save scanned documents as editable reports
automatically.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 278
42. OCR devices read printed characters in an OCR font.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 279
43. With a test, an OMR device first scans the answer key to record
correct answers based on patterns of
light, then scans the remaining documents and matches their patterns of
light against the answer key
sheet.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 279
44. The United States Postal Service (USPS) uses a POSTNET bar code.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 280
45. In many cases, a magstripe reader is part of a POS terminal.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 281
46. When a bank receives a check for payment, it uses an OCR inscriber
to print the amount of the check
in OCR characters in the lower-right corner.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 281
47. Ergonomics is the technology of authenticating a person's identity
by verifying a personal characterist-
ic.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 282
48. The camera in an iris recognition system scans patterns of blood
vessels in the back of the retina.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 283
49. With a terminal, the host computer is usually a server or mainframe.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 284
50. A DVD kiosk is associated with a particular vendor.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 285
COMPLETION
1. Some phones use ____________________ text input, where you press one
key on the keypad for each
letter in a word, and software on the phone predicts the word you want.
ANS: predictive
PTS: 1
REF: 262
2. A(n) ____________________ mouse uses devices that emit and sense
light to detect the mouse’s
movement.
ANS: optical
PTS: 1
REF: 263
3. Some programs support mouse ____________________ where the user
performs certain operations by
holding a mouse button while moving the mouse in a particular pattern.
ANS: gestures
PTS: 1
REF: 264
4. A(n) ____________________ is the most widely used pointing device on
desktop computers.
ANS: mouse
PTS: 1
REF: 263
5. For users that have limited desk space, the ____________________ is
a good alternative to a mouse
because the device is stationary.
ANS: trackball
PTS: 1
REF: 265
6. Touchpads are found most often on ____________________ computers.
ANS:
notebook
laptop
PTS: 1
REF: 265
7. ____________________ are freestanding computers that usually include
touch screens.
ANS: Kiosks
PTS: 1
REF: 266
8. A(n) ____________________ is a small metal or plastic device that
looks like a tiny pen, but uses
pressure instead of ink.
ANS:
digital pen
stylus
PTS: 1
REF: 268
9. Large-scale applications sometimes refer to a graphics tablet as
a(n) ____________________.
ANS: digitizer
PTS: 1
REF: 268
10. Each location on a(n) ____________________ corresponds to a
specific location on the screen.
ANS: graphics tablet
PTS: 1
REF: 268
11. With ____________________, you touch a stylus or digital pen on a
flat surface to write, draw, or
make selections.
ANS: pen input
PTS: 1
REF: 268
12. A(n) ____________________ keyboard is a full-sized keyboard that
can be conveniently attached and
removed from a PDA or mobile device.
ANS: portable
PTS: 1
REF: 268
13. Most digital pens, often simply called pens, are
____________________-sensitive.
ANS: pressure
PTS: 1
REF: 268
14. A(n) ____________________ is a vertical lever mounted into a base
that is moved in different direc-
tions to control the actions of a simulated vehicle or player.
ANS: joystick
PTS: 1
REF: 270
15. The actual photographed resolution is known as the
____________________ resolution.
ANS: optical
PTS: 1
REF: 273
16. A(n) ____________________ is the smallest element in an electronic
image.
ANS: pixel
PTS: 1
REF: 273
17. ____________________ is the number of horizontal and vertical
pixels in a display device.
ANS: Resolution
PTS: 1
REF: 273
18. The ____________________ resolution is usually higher than the
optical resolution because it uses a
special formula to add pixels between those generated by the optical
resolution.
ANS: enhanced
PTS: 1
REF: 273
19. The higher the ____________________, the better the picture quality
but the more expensive the cam-
era.
ANS: resolution
PTS: 1
REF: 273
20. Voice is the method of ____________________ for a microphone.
ANS: input
PTS: 1
REF: 274
21. ____________________ programs recognize a vocabulary of
preprogrammed words, which can range
from two words to millions of words.
ANS: Voice recognition
PTS: 1
REF: 274
22. ____________________ is the process of entering any sound into the
computer such as speech, music,
and sound effects.
ANS: Audio input
PTS: 1
REF: 274
23. A type of Web cam called a(n) ____________________ cam has the
illusion of moving images be-
cause it sends a continual stream of still images.
ANS: streaming
PTS: 1
REF: 276
24. A(n) ____________________ is a window on the screen that displays
notes and drawings simultan-
eously on the screens of all participants in a video conference.
ANS: whiteboard
PTS: 1
REF: 276
25. A(n) ____________________ document is the term for the original
form of data.
ANS: source
PTS: 1
REF: 277
26. Input devices capture data from a(n) ____________________ document.
ANS: source
PTS: 1
REF: 277
27. Of optical scanners and optical readers, bar code readers, portable
keyboards, and magnetic-ink char-
acter recognition readers, all are devices that capture data directly
from a source document except
____________________.
ANS: portable keyboards
PTS: 1
REF: 277
28. A(n) ____________________ is a light-sensing input device that
reads printed text and graphics and
then translates the results into a form the computer can process.
ANS:
scanner
optical scanner
PTS: 1
REF: 277
29. ____________________ software is useful if you need to modify a
document but do not have the ori-
ginal word processing file.
ANS:
OCR
Optical character recognition
Optical character recognition (OCR)
OCR (Optical character recognition)
PTS: 1
REF: 278
30. The quality of a scanner is measured by the number of
____________________ it stores in a pixel and
the number of pixels per inch; the higher the number scanner the better
the quality, but the more ex-
pensive.
ANS: bits
PTS: 1
REF: 278
31. The most widely used biometric device today is a(n)
____________________ scanner.
ANS: fingerprint
PTS: 1
REF: 282
32. External fingerprint scanners usually plug into a(n)
____________________ port.
ANS: USB
PTS: 1
REF: 282
33. Biometric devices measure the shape and size of a person’s hand
using a hand
____________________ system.
ANS: geometry
PTS: 1
REF: 283
34. A(n) signature ____________________ system recognizes the shape of
a handwritten signature, as
well as measuring the pressure exerted and the motion used to write the
signature.
ANS: verification
PTS: 1
REF: 283
35. The camera in a(n) ____________________ scans patterns of blood
vessels in the back of the retina.
ANS: retinal scanner
PTS: 1
REF: 283
36. A(n) ____________________ is a self-service DVD rental machine that
connects to a host computer
through a network.
ANS: DVD kiosk
PTS: 1
REF: 285
37. A(n) ____________________ is a metal or plastic plate placed over
the keyboard that allows users to
rest their hands on the keyboard without accidentally pressing any keys.
ANS: keyguard
PTS: 1
REF: 286
38. A(n) ____________________ displays a graphic of a standard keyboard
on the user’s screen.
ANS: on-screen keyboard
PTS: 1
REF: 286
39. An option for people with limited hand movement is a(n)
____________________ to control the
pointer or insertion point.
ANS: head-mounted pointer
PTS: 1
REF: 286
40. With ____________________, the computer will detect human motions.
ANS: gesture recognition
PTS: 1
REF: 286
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. A command is a series of related instructions that tells a computer
what tasks to perform and how to
perform them. _________________________
ANS: F, program
PTS: 1
REF: 258
2. Instructions are a collection of unprocessed text, numbers, audio,
and video.
_________________________
ANS: F, Data is
PTS: 1
REF: 258
3. Desktop computer keyboards typically have from 101 to 105 keys.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 260
4. To move the pointer using a trackball, slide a fingertip across the
surface of the pad.
_________________________
ANS: F, touchpad
PTS: 1
REF: 265
5. With a lower ppi (pixels per inch), fewer images can be captured and
stored in a digital camera.
_________________________
ANS: F, more
PTS: 1
REF: 273
6. Some digital camera manufacturers state enhanced resolution, instead
of, or in addition to, optical res-
olution. _________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 273
7. Enhanced resolution usually is lower than optical resolution because
it uses a special formula to add
pixels between those generated by the optical resolution.
_________________________
ANS: F, higher
PTS: 1
REF: 273
8. The more bits used to represent a pixel in a digital camera, the
fewer colors and shades of gray that can
be represented. _________________________
ANS: F, more
PTS: 1
REF: 273
9. RFID requires line-of-site transmission. _________________________
ANS: F, does not require
PTS: 1
REF: 280
10. Exposure to a magnet or magnetic field can erase the contents of a
card’s magnetic stripe.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 281
MATCHING
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or
definition.
a. desktop
k. RFID
b. air
l. turnaround
c. point
m. digital
d. click
n. Web cam
e. dance pad
o. resolution
f. gamepad
p. sound card
g. joystick
q. voice input
h. OMR
r. trackball
i. head-mounted pointer
s. optical
j. UPC
t. toggle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Many of this kind of keyboard have a numeric keypad on the right side
of the keyboard
Many keyboards have status lights that light up when users activate
this kind of key
This kind of mouse uses devices that emit and sense light to detect the
mouse’s movement
The kind of mouse that senses motion
Requires frequent cleaning because it picks up oils from fingers and
dust from the environment
To move the mouse until the pointer on the desktop is positioned on the
item of choice
To press and release the primary mouse button, which usually is the
left mouse button
The process of entering input by speaking into a microphone
What a PC must have to enter high-quality sound
A flat electronic device divided into panels that users press with
their feet in response to instructions
from a music video game
11. The higher this is, the better the image quality and the more
expensive the camera
12. With this, users press buttons with their thumbs or move sticks in
various directions to trigger events
13. An analog signal must be converted to this kind of signal in order
for analog video to be entered into a
PC
14. Attracts Web site visitors by showing images that change regularly
15. A handheld vertical lever mounted on a base
16. A technology that reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or
rectangles
17. Type of document on which many companies use OCR characters
18. Kind of bar code used by retail and grocery stores
19. Kind of technology that uses radio signals to communicate with a
tag placed in or attached to an ob-
ject, an animal, or a person
20. An option for people with limited hand movement to control the
pointer
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
A
T
S
B
R
C
D
Q
P
E
O
F
M
N
G
H
L
J
K
I
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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1
1
REF:
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REF:
260
261
263
263
265
264
264
274
274
270
273
270
275
276
270
279
279
280
280
286
ESSAY
1. Discuss the different ways in which a keyboard can be connected to a
computer
ANS:
Desktop computer keyboards often attach via a cable to a keyboard port
or a USB port on the system
unit. Some keyboards, however, do not have any wires connecting the
keyboard to the system unit. A
wireless keyboard, or cordless keyboard, is a battery-powered device
that transmits data using wireless
technology, such as radio waves or infrared light waves.
PTS: 1
REF: 262
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. What is the difference between a trackball and a touchpad?
ANS:
A trackball is a stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or
side. The ball in most trackballs is
about the size of a Ping-Pong ball. To move the pointer using a
trackball, you rotate the ball with your
thumb, fingers, or the palm of your hand. In addition to the ball, a
trackball usually has one or more
buttons that work just like mouse buttons. A trackball requires
frequent cleaning because it picks up
oils from your fingers and dust from the environment. For users who
limited desk space, however, a
trackball is a good alternative to a mouse because the device is
stationary. A touchpad is a small, flat,
rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion.
To move the pointer using a touch-
pad, slide your fingertip across the surface of the pad. Some touchpads
have one or more buttons
around the edge of the pad that work like mouse buttons. On most
touchpads, you also can tap the
pad's surface to imitate mouse operations such as clicking. Touchpads
are found most often on note-
book computers.
PTS: 1
REF: 265
TOP: Critical Thinking
3. Discuss the differences between the three basic types of digital
cameras.
ANS:
The three basic types of digital cameras are studio cameras, field
cameras, and point-and-shoot camer-
as. The most expensive and highest quality of the three is a studio
camera, which is a stationary cam-
era used for professional studio work. Often used by photojournalists,
a field camera is a portable cam-
era that has many lenses and other attachments. As with the studio
camera, a field camera can be quite
expensive. A point-and-shoot camera is much more affordable and
lightweight and provides accept-
able quality photographic images for the home or small business user.
PTS: 1
REF: 272
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Discuss the two ways of recording video
ANS:
Some video devices record video using analog signals. Computers, by
contrast, use digital signals. To
enter video from an analog device into a personal computer, the analog
signal must be converted to a
digital signal. To do this, plug a video camera or other analog video
device in a video capture port on
the system unit. One type of adapter card that has a video capture port
is a video capture card, which
converts an analog video signal into a digital signal that a computer
can process. Most new computers
are not equipped with a video capture card because not all users have
the need for this type of adapter
card. A digital video (DV) camera, by contrast, records video as
digital signals instead of analog sig-
nals. Many DV cameras can capture still frames, as well as motion. To
transfer recorded images to a
hard disk or optical disc, users connect DV cameras directly to a USB
port or a FireWire port on the
system unit. Thus, the computer does not need a video capture card.
Simply connect the video device
to the computer and begin transferring images. After saving the video
on a storage medium, such as a
hard disk or DVD, you can play it or edit it using video editing
software on a computer.
PTS: 1
REF: 275
5. Explain in detail what a video conference is.
ANS:
TOP: Critical Thinking
A video conference is a meeting between two or more geographically
separated people who use a net-
work or the Internet to transmit audio and video data. To participate
in a video conference using a
computer you need video conferencing software or use a video
conferencing Web application, along
with a microphone, speakers, and a video camera attached to or built
into a computer. Examples of
video conferencing software include CUworld, Live Meeting, and WebEx.
As you speak, members of
the meeting hear your voice on their speakers. Any image in front of
the video camera appears in a
window on each participant's screen. A whiteboard is another window on
the screen that displays notes
and drawings simultaneously on all participants' screens. This window
provides multiple users with an
area on which they can write or draw.
PTS: 1
REF: 276
TOP: Critical Thinking
6. Explain what MICR is, how MICR readers work, and what their uses are.
ANS:
MICR (magnetic-ink character recognition) devices read text printed
with magnetized ink. An MICR
reader converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process.
The banking industry almost
exclusively uses MICR for check processing. Each check in your
checkbook has precoded MICR char-
acters beginning at the lower-left edge. The MICR characters represent
the bank number, the customer
account number, and the check number. When a bank receives a check for
payment, it uses an MICR
inscriber to print the amount of the check in MICR characters in the
lower-right corner. The check
then is sorted or routed to the customer’s bank, along with thousands
of others. Each check is inserted
in an MICR reader, which sends the check information — including the
amount of the check — to a
computer for processing. When you balance your checkbook, verify that
the amount printed in the
lower-right corner is the same as the amount written on the check;
otherwise, your statement will not
balance. The banking industry has established an international standard
not only for bank numbers, but
also for the font of the MICR characters. This standardization makes it
possible for people to write
checks in other countries.
PTS: 1
REF: 281
TOP: Critical Thinking
CASE
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 1
You have taken a new job as a director of assistive technology at a
local computer lab dedicated to
supporting individuals with disabilities. You are asked to identify
technologies that will be most useful
to given individuals.
1. Ben has the early stages of Parkinson’s disease, which causes his
hands to tremble. Which of the fol-
lowing would be effective for him if he would like to use one of the
computers?
a. gesture recognition
c. keyguard
b. joystick
d. trackpad
ANS:
c.
PTS: 1
REF: 286
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. Celia has limited hand movement because of an injury she suffered.
Which of the following is useful
for her computer use?
a. head-mounted pointer
c. keyguard
b. on-screen keyboard
d. trackpad
ANS:
a.
PTS: 1
REF: 286
TOP: Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 2
In your work in the IT department, you are charged with devising
configurations for desktop com-
puters that work for particular colleagues.
3. The system you are designing now is for a colleague who has very
limited deskspace for his desktop
PC. Which of the following should you buy for him?
a. mechanical mouse
c. optical mouse
b. cordless mouse
d. trackball
ANS:
d.
PTS: 1
REF: 265
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Another colleague is asking for a recommendation for himself
personally, for a gaming controller that
offers motion-sensing capabilities along with wireless Bluetooth
technology. What do you suggest for
him?
a. gamepad
c. Wii remote
b. light gun
d. joystick
ANS:
c.
PTS: 1
REF: 271
TOP: Critical Thinking
Chapter 3: Application Software
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ____ software consists of programs designed to make users more
productive and/or assist them with
personal tasks.
a. Application
c. Operating
b. Utility
d. System
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 142
2. The ____ shown in the accompanying figure is a small symbol
displayed on the screen that moves as a
user moves the mouse.
a. menu
c. icon
b. button
d. pointer
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 144
3. In the Windows Vista operating system, as shown in the accompanying
figure, the ____ is an on-
screen work area that has a graphical user interface.
a. frame
c. workspace
b. desktop
d. dialog box
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 144
4. As shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) ____ is a small image
displayed on the screen that repres-
ents a program, a document, or some other object.
a. menu
c. pointer
b. button
d. icon
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 144
5. A file is ____.
a. an on-screen work area that has a graphical user interface
b. a named collection of stored data, instructions, or information
c. an instruction that causes a program to perform a specific action
d. a horizontal space that contains a window’s title
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 144
6. When you click Paint in the Accessories list, Windows Vista loads
the Paint program instructions from
the computer’s hard disk into ____.
a. storage
c. dialog
b. memory
d. command space
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 144
7. A(n) ____ contains a list of commands from which a user makes
selections.
a. dialog box
c. window
b. icon
d. menu
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 144
8. A ____ is an instruction that causes a program to perform a specific
action.
a. dialog box
c. command
b. window
d. title bar
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 144
9. A(n) ____ is a rectangular area of the screen that displays data and
information.
a. frame
c. workspace
b. box
d. window
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 144
10. The top of a window has a(n) ____, which is a horizontal space that
contains the window’s name.
a. view bar
c. frame name
b. title bar
d. dialog box
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 144
11. The ____ of the document window usually displays a document’s file
name.
a. command box
c. title bar
b. shortcut menu
d. submenu
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 145
12. A(n) ____ is a window that provides information, presents available
options, or requests a response.
a. menu bar
c. style manager
b. management frame
d. dialog box
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 145
13. ____ software assists people in becoming more effective and
efficient while performing their daily
business activities.
a. Commercial
c. Business
b. Marketing
d. Advocacy
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 146
14. A font ____, such as bold, italic, and underline in the
accompanying figure, adds emphasis to a font.
a. style
c. face
b. point
d. weight
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 146
15. A(n) ____, such as Cambria and Calibri in the accompanying figure,
is a name assigned to a specific
design of characters.
a. point
c. text set
b. font
d. iconography
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 146
16. ____ size, such as 12-point and 28-point in the accompanying
figure, indicates the size of characters in
a particular font.
a. Graph
c. Font
b. Textual
d. Data
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 146
17. ____ software allows users to create and manipulate documents
containing mostly text and sometimes
graphics.
a. Desktop publishing
c. Image processing
b. Contextual
d. Word processing
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 147
18. ____ is a collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other
images that can be inserted into docu-
ments.
a. Clip art
c. Glossaries
b. Graphics checkers
d. Image repositories
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 147
19. Word processing software includes a(n) ____, which reviews the
spelling of individual words, sections
of a document, or the entire document.
a. table of contents
c. glossary
b. spelling checker
d. dictionary
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 148
20. A single point is about ____ of an inch in height.
a. 1/9
c. 1/36
b. 1/18
d. 1/72
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 149
21. ____ software is software that allows users to organize data in
rows and columns and perform calcula-
tions on the data.
a. Database
c. Spreadsheet
b. PIM
d. PDA
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 150
22. When using spreadsheet software, the rows and columns collectively
are called a(n) ____.
a. workbook
c. workload
b. workspace
d. worksheet
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 150
23. When computer users ____ a document, the computer transfers the
document from memory to a stor-
age medium.
a. save
c. format
b. edit
d. print
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 150
24. When computer users ____ a document, the computer sends a copy of
the document to a medium such
as paper.
a. create
c. format
b. print
d. edit
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 150
25. A(n) ____ is the intersection of a column and row in a worksheet.
a. link
c. nexus
b. cell
d. grid
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 151
26. Many worksheet cells contain a number that can be used in a
calculation, called a(n) ____.
a. function
c. formula
b. index
d. value
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 151
27. A(n) ____ performs calculations on the data in a worksheet and
displays the resulting value in a cell.
a. index
c. function
b. formula
d. ratio
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 151
28. When using spreadsheet software like that in the accompanying
figure, each worksheet can have more
than ____ cells.
a. 1,700
c. 17 million
b. 17,000
d. 17 billion
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 151
29. Most spreadsheet software like that shown in the accompanying
figure includes ____ analysis tools,
where users can change certain values in a spreadsheet to reveal the
effects of those changes.
a. concatenation
c. what-if
b. functional
d. application
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 152
30. The text, or ____, entered in a cell identifies the worksheet data
and helps organize the worksheet.
a. filename
c. cell text
b. key text
d. label
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 151
31. A(n) ____ is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows
access, retrieval, and use of that
data.
a. spreadsheet
c. database
b. formula
d. functional set
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 153
32. ____ software allows users to create, access, and manage a database.
a. Text management
c. Context management
b. Database
d. Basis
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 153
33. A(n) ____ is a request for specific data from a database.
a. query
c. resample
b. formula
d. function
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 154
34. ____ software allows users to create visual aids for presentations
to communicate ideas, messages, and
other information to a group.
a. Desktop publishing
c. Presentation
b. Image editing
d. Communications
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 154
35. To help organize a presentation, you can view ____ versions of all
the slides similarly to how 35mm
slides look on a photographer’s light table.
a. iconic
c. resampled
b. thumbnail
d. edited
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 155
36. ____ software enables users to enter typed text, handwritten
comments, drawings, or sketches any-
where on a page and then save the page as part of a notebook.
a. Sketching
c. Note taking
b. Notebook
d. PDA
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 156
37. A(n) ____ is application software that includes an appointment
calendar, address book, notepad, and
other features to help users organize personal information.
a. PIM
c. PIN
b. PIT
d. PIC
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 156
38. A software ____ is a collection of individual programs sold as a
single package.
a. cluster
c. zip
b. suite
d. archive
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 156
39. Most mobile devices include, among other features, ____
functionality.
a. DTP
c. CAD
b. PIM
d. WBT
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 156
40. Two popular ____ are Microsoft Office 2007 and Apple iWork.
a. personal information managers
c. clip art/image galleries
b. software suites
d. application service providers
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 156
41. ____ software allows a user to plan, schedule, track, and analyze
the events, resources, and costs of a
project.
a. Business
b. Document management
ANS: D
PTS: 1
c. Accounting
d. Project management
REF: 157
42. ____ enables users to write and print checks, track checking
account activity, and update and reconcile
balances on demand.
a. Legal software
c. Entertainment software
b. Reference software
d. Accounting software
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 158
43. ____ software helps companies record and report their financial
transactions.
a. Tax preparation
c. Money management
b. Business
d. Accounting
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 158
44. ____ software provides a means for sharing, distributing, and
searching through documents by con-
verting them into a format that can be viewed by any user.
a. Tax preparation
c. Document management
b. Business
d. Accounting
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 158
45. Which of the following is an example of paint/image editing
software for the professional?
a. Adobe InDesign
c. Adobe Illustrator
b. Autodesk AutoCAD
d. Adobe Audition
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 159
46. Which of the following is an example of desktop publishing software
for the professional?
a. Adobe InDesign
c. Adobe Illustrator
b. Autodesk AutoCAD
d. Adobe Audition
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 159
47. Which of the following is an example of photo editing software for
the professional?
a. Adobe InDesign
c. Adobe Illustrator
b. Autodesk AutoCAD
d. Adobe Photoshop
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 159
48. Which of the following is an example of computer-aided design
software?
a. Adobe InDesign
c. Adobe Illustrator
b. Autodesk AutoCAD
d. Adobe Audition
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 159
49. Which of the following is an example of multimedia authoring
software?
a. Adobe InDesign
c. Adobe Director
b. Autodesk AutoCAD
d. Adobe Audition
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 159
50. Which of the following is an example of Web page authoring software?
a. Adobe InDesign
c. Adobe Illustrator
b. Adobe Dreamweaver
ANS: B
PTS: 1
d. Agilix GoCourse
REF: 159
51. Which of the following is an example of video and audio editing
software for the professional?
a. Adobe InDesign
c. Adobe Illustrator
b. Autodesk AutoCAD
d. Adobe Audition
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 159
52. Three-dimensional ____ programs allow designers to rotate designs
of 3-D objects to view them from
any angle.
a. CAD
c. CAM
b. DTP
d. DTM
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 160
53. ____ software is software that enables professional designers to
create sophisticated documents that
contain text, graphics, and many colors.
a. CAD
c. CBT
b. DTP
d. WBT
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 160
54. ____ software is a sophisticated type of application software that
assists a professional user in creating
engineering, architectural, and scientific designs.
a. DTP
c. CBT
b. CAD
d. WBT
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 160
55. ____ is ideal for the production of high-quality color documents
such as textbooks, corporate newslet-
ters, marketing literature, product catalogs, and annual reports.
a. Professional DTP software
c. Professional CAD software
b. Word processing software
d. Web page authoring software
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 160
56. ____ is the process of arranging text and graphics in a document on
a page-by-page basis.
a. Page turning
c. Page layout
b. Page processing
d. Page outline
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 160-161
57. DTP software includes a color ____, which is a standard set of
colors used by designers and printers to
ensure that colors will print exactly as specified.
a. glossary
c. library
b. reference
d. indexed set
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 161
58. ____ software is software that allows users to draw pictures,
shapes, and other graphical images with
various on-screen tools such as a pen, brush, eyedropper, and paint
bucket.
a. Photo editing
c. DTP
b. CBT
d. Paint
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 161
59. ____ software provides the capabilities of paint software and also
includes the ability to enhance and
modify existing images and pictures.
a. Desktop publishing
c. Image editing
b. Illustration
d. Photo management
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 161
60. ____ software allows users to modify a segment of a video, called a
clip.
a. Video editing
c. Clip management
b. Image editing
d. Illustration
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 161
61. ____ software lets users modify audio clips and produce
studio-quality sound tracks.
a. Sound publishing
c. Tracking
b. Audio editing
d. Sound management
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 161
62. Audio editing software usually includes ____, which are designed to
enhance audio quality.
a. clips
c. matrices
b. filters
d. subwoofers
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 161
63. Designers and graphic artists can print finished publications on a
color printer, take them to a profes-
sional printer, or post them on the Web in a format that can be viewed
by those without ____ software.
a. VSP
c. ISP
b. DTP
d. CAD
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 161
64. Multimedia ____ software allows users to combine text, graphics,
audio, video, and animation into an
interactive application.
a. management
c. publishing
b. authoring
d. editing
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 162
65. Web page ____ software helps users of all skill levels create Web
pages that include graphical images,
video, audio, animation, and other special effects.
a. management
c. publishing
b. authoring
d. editing
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 162
66. ____ software is a simplified accounting program that helps home
users and small office/home office
users balance their checkbooks, pay bills, track personal income and
expenses, set up budgets, manage
home inventory, track investments, and evaluate financial plans.
a. Accounting
c. Personal finance
b. Tax management
d. Financial editing
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 166
67. ____ offers access to account balances, provides bill paying
services, and allows downloading of cop-
ies of monthly transactions and statements from the Web directly to a
user’s computer.
a. Online banking
c. Tax management software
b. Financial editing software
d. Accounting software
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 166
68. ____ software assists in the preparation of legal documents and
provides legal information to individu-
als, families, and small businesses.
a. Legal
c. Document management
b. Tax
d. Financial
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 167
69. ____ software guides individuals, families, or small businesses
through the process of filing federal
taxes.
a. Filing
c. Tax preparation
b. Accounting
d. Financial management
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 167
70. ____ software allows users to draw pictures, shapes, and other
graphical images with various on-
screen tools.
a. Paint
c. Pixel manipulation
b. Design
d. Color library
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 168
71. ____ software provides the capabilities of adjusting or enhancing
image colors, adding special effects
such as shadows and glows, and the like.
a. Color library
c. Image editing
b. Multimedia authoring
d. Professional desktop publishing
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 168
72. Homeowners or potential homeowners can use ____ software to assist
with the design, remodeling, or
improvement of a home, deck, or landscape.
a. Home design/landscaping
c. CAM
b. Architectural
d. CAD
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 170
73. ____ software provides valuable and thorough information for all
individuals.
a. Multimedia
c. Encyclopedic
b. Reference
d. Glossary
ANS: B
PTS: 1
74. ____ software teaches a particular skill.
a. Design
b. Spreadsheet
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 171
c. CAD
d. Educational
REF: 171
75. ____ software for personal computers includes interactive games,
videos, and other programs designed
to support a hobby or provide amusement and enjoyment.
a. Blog
b. Design
ANS: C
c. Entertainment
d. Multimedia
PTS: 1
REF: 172
76. A blog author needs ____ to create/maintain a blog.
a. an anti-spam program
c. a file manager
b. blogware
d. a personal firewall
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 174
77. Most online Help also has links to Web sites that offer ____ Help,
which provides updates and more
comprehensive resources to respond to technical issues about software.
a. dynamic
c. distance learning
b. Web-based
d. e-learning
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 175
78. ____ training is a type of CBT (computer-based training) that uses
Internet technology and consists of
application software on the Web.
a. Dynamic
c. Distance
b. E-learning
d. Web-based
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 175
79. ____ is the delivery of education via some electronic method such
as the Internet, networks, or
CDs/DVDs.
a. Distance learning
c. Web-based learning
b. Dynamic Help
d. E-learning
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 176
80. ____ is the delivery of education at one location while the
learning takes place at other locations.
a. Extended training (ET)
c. Remote teaching (RT)
b. Faraway schooling (FS)
d. Distance learning (DL)
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 176
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. To use application software, a computer must be running system
software, specifically, an operating
system. _________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 143-144
2. While a computer is running, the operating system remains in memory.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 144
3. During the process of creating, editing, and formatting a document,
the computer holds it on a storage
medium. _________________________
ANS: F, in memory
PTS: 1
REF: 150
4. When you save a document, the computer transfers the document from a
storage medium to memory.
_________________________
ANS: F, memory to a storage medium
PTS: 1
REF: 150
5. Mobile devices like PDAs and smart phones do not include PIM
functionality.
_________________________
ANS: F, include
PTS: 1
REF: 156
6. In addition to PIM software, a huge variety of business and other
software is available for phones.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 156
7. Each functional unit within an enterprise has specialized software
requirements.
_________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 159
8. Image editing software also is called illustration software.
_________________________
ANS: F, Paint
PTS: 1
REF: 161
9. Video editing software rarely includes audio editing capabilities.
_________________________
ANS: F
usually
typically
PTS: 1
REF: 162
10. Once created, multimedia presentations often take the form of
interactive computer-based presenta-
tions or Web-based presentations designed to facilitate learning,
demonstrate product functionality,
and elicit direct-user participation. _________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 162
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
Modified Multiple Choice
1. ____ programs usually have fewer capabilities than retail programs.
a. Shareware
c. Freeware
b. Public-domain
d. Custom
ANS: A, B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 143
2. A ____ is a window that provides information, presents available
options, or requests a response.
a. title bar
c. menu bar
b. frame manager
d. dialog box
ANS: D
PTS: 1
3. Examples of editing tasks are ____.
a. changing fonts
b. deleting text
ANS: B, C
PTS: 1
4. ____ is an example of a font style.
a. Helvetica
b. Bold
ANS: B, D
PTS: 1
5. Common formatting tasks include ____.
a. changing the font
b. inserting text
ANS: A, C
PTS: 1
6. ____ chart is a popular chart type.
a. Data
b. Column
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 145
c. inserting text
d. underlining text
REF: 149
c. Arial
d. Italic
REF: 149
c. changing font size
d. deleting text
REF: 149
c. Line
d. Pie
REF: 152
7. Presentation software incorporates some of the features found in
word processing software, such as
____.
a. presenting Web pages as thumbnail images
b. formatting
c. checking spelling
d. recognizing voice input
ANS: B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 155
8. Audio editing software lets users ____.
a. modify audio clips
b. add audio to video clips
c. produce studio-quality soundtracks
d. use filters that are designed to enhance audio quality
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 162
9. Application software, such as ____, often includes Web page
authoring features.
a. TurboTax
c. Word
b. Excel
d. Microsoft Money
ANS: B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 164
10. In addition to clip art, many clip art/image galleries provide ____.
a. fonts
b. video clips
ANS: A, B, C, D
c. sounds
d. audio clips
PTS: 1
REF: 169
TRUE/FALSE
1. The four categories of software are mutually exclusive; that is,
software listed in one category may not
be used in other categories.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 142
2. Open source software is copyrighted software that is distributed at
no cost for a trial period.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 143
3. Developers of freeware rely on the honor system, trusting users to
send payment if software use ex-
tends beyond the stated trial period.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 143
4. When the Start button shown in the accompanying figure is clicked,
the Start menu is displayed on the
Windows Vista desktop.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 144
5. To start a program, users can click the program name on a menu or in
a list.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 144
6. A dialog box is a horizontal space that contains the window’s name.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 145
7. When colors are used for characters in a word processing document,
they will print as black or gray
unless users have a color printer.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 147
8. If you type text that extends beyond the right page margin, the word
processing software automatically
positions text at the beginning of the next line.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 147
9. A major advantage of using word processing software is that users
easily can change what they have
written.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 147
10. Word processing software usually includes public-domain clip art.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 147
11. The search feature, in combination with the replace feature, allows
users of word processing software
to substitute existing characters or words with new ones.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 148
12. The spelling checker included with word processing software
compares words in a document with an
electronic dictionary that is part of the operating system.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 148
13. A serif font does not have the short decorative lines at the upper
and lower ends of the characters.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 149
14. A sans serif font has short decorative lines at the upper and lower
ends of the characters.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 149
15. One of the benefits of word processing software is the ability to
print the same document many times,
with each copy looking just like the first.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 150
16. Spreadsheet software is a rarely used type of application software.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 150
17. Because of the logical approach that spreadsheet software has for
organizing data, many people use
this software to organize and present nonfinancial data, as well as
financial data.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 150
18. As shown in the accompanying figure, all of a worksheet’s columns
and rows are displayed on the
screen at one time.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 150-151
19. In a worksheet, one or more letters identify each row.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 151
20. In a worksheet, the intersection of column B and row 6 is referred
to as cell 6B.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 151
21. A line chart displays bars of various lengths to show the
relationship of data.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 152
22. One of the more powerful features of spreadsheet software is its
capability of recalculating the rest of
the worksheet when data in a worksheet changes.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 152
23. With a computerized database, the computer stores the data in an
electronic format on a storage medi-
um such as a hard disk.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 153
24. In a database, each column, called a field, contains a specific
category of data within a record.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 154
25. Presentation software provides a variety of layouts for each
individual slide.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 154
26. Presentation software allows users to apply special effects to the
transition between each slide.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 155
27. Note taking software can store notes in handwritten form.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 156
28. With a personal information manager’s address book, users can
schedule activities for a particular day
and time.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 156
29. With a PIM, users can take information previously tracked in a
weekly or daily calendar and organize
and store it on their computer.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 156
30. Buying a collection of programs in a software suite usually costs
significantly more than purchasing
them individually.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 156
31. The cost of accounting software for a small business can be several
hundred thousand dollars.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 158
32. Many businesses use document management software to share and
distribute company brochures, liter-
ature, and other documents electronically.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 158
33. Three-dimensional CBT programs allow designers to rotate designs of
3-D objects to view them from
any angle.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 160
34. Although most word processing programs have none of the
capabilities of DTP software, professional
designers and graphic artists use word processing software because it
supports page layout.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 160
35. Few Web page authoring programs allow users to organize, manage, or
maintain Web sites.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 164
36. Application software, such as Word and Excel, seldom includes Web
page authoring features.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 164
37. Most of the programs for home, personal, and educational use are
relatively expensive, often priced
more than one thousand dollars.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 165
38. A large amount of application software is designed specifically for
home, personal, and educational
use.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 165
39. Most personal finance software offers a variety of online services,
which require access to the Internet.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 166
40. Most personal finance software includes financial planning
features, such as analyzing home and per-
sonal loans, preparing income taxes, and managing retirement savings.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 166
41. Using tax preparation software, taxpayers can file their state and
federal tax returns online, in a process
called e-filing.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 167
42. Personal DTP software provides only a few graphical images.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 168
43. Personal DTP programs typically guide users through the development
of a document by asking a
series of questions, offering numerous predefined layouts, and
providing standard text that can be ad-
ded to documents.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 168
44. Few personal DTP programs include paint/image editing software or
photo editing software.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 168
45. Some operating systems include video and audio editing software.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 170
46. Home design/landscaping software includes hundreds of predrawn
plans that users can customize to
meet their needs.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 170
47. Educational software exists for very few subjects.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 171
48. Educational software seldom includes games or content to make the
learning experience more fun.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 171
49. Web application host rarely store users' data and information on
their servers.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 172
50. Users often interact with Web applications directly at the Web site
through their Web browser.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 172
COMPLETION
1. ____________________ software is used to facilitate communications,
assist with graphics and multi-
media projects, and support home, personal, and educational tasks.
ANS: Application
PTS: 1
REF: 142
2. ____________________ software is mass-produced, copyrighted retail
software that meets the needs
of a variety of users, not just a single user or company.
ANS: Packaged
PTS: 1
REF: 142
3. ____________________ software performs functions specific to a
business or industry.
ANS: Custom
PTS: 1
REF: 142
4. ____________________ software is provided for use, modification, and
redistribution and usually can
be downloaded from the Web at no cost.
ANS: Open source
PTS: 1
REF: 143
5. ____________________ is copyrighted software that is distributed at
no cost for a trial period.
ANS: Shareware
PTS: 1
REF: 143
6. ____________________ is copyrighted software provided at no cost to
a user by an individual or a
company.
ANS: Freeware
PTS: 1
REF: 143
7. ____________________ software is free software, but it has been
donated for public use and has no
copyright restrictions.
ANS: Public-domain
PTS: 1
REF: 143
8. ____________________ software serves as the interface between the
user, the application software,
and the computer’s hardware.
ANS: System
PTS: 1
REF: 143
9. Each time a user starts a computer, the operating system is
____________________ (copied) from the
computer’s hard disk into memory.
ANS: loaded
PTS: 1
REF: 144
10. A(n) ____________________ is a graphical element that a user
activates to cause a specific action to
take place.
ANS: button
PTS: 1
REF: 144
11. ____________________ software includes programs such as word
processing, spreadsheet, database,
presentation graphics, personal information manager software, personal
mobile device business soft-
ware, software suites, accounting, and project management.
ANS: Business
PTS: 1
REF: 146
12. A feature of word processing software called ____________________
allows users to type words in a
paragraph continually without pressing the ENTER key at the end of each
line.
ANS: wordwrap
PTS: 1
REF: 147
13. ____________________ is the process of moving different portions of
a document on the screen into
view.
ANS: Scrolling
PTS: 1
REF: 148
14. A(n) ____________________ is a sequence of keystrokes and
instructions that a user records and
saves.
ANS: macro
PTS: 1
REF: 148
15. ____________________ tags automatically appear on the screen when a
certain action is performed.
ANS: Smart
PTS: 1
REF: 148
16. A(n) ____________________ is a document that contains the
formatting necessary for a specific doc-
ument type.
ANS: template
PTS: 1
REF: 148
17. When computer users ____________________ a document, they enter
text or numbers, insert graphic-
al images, and perform other tasks using an input device.
ANS: create
PTS: 1
REF: 149
18. To ____________________ a document means to make changes to its
existing content.
ANS: edit
PTS: 1
REF: 149
19. To cut involves removing a portion of a document and storing it in
a temporary storage location, some-
times called a(n) ____________________.
ANS: clipboard
PTS: 1
REF: 149
20. When computer users ____________________ a document, they change
its appearance.
ANS: format
PTS: 1
REF: 149
21. A(n) ____________________ is a predefined formula that performs
common calculations such as
adding the values in a group of cells.
ANS: function
PTS: 1
REF: 151
22. Using the ____________________ =SUM(B10:B14) totals the contents of
cells B10 through B14 in a
worksheet.
ANS: function
PTS: 1
REF: 151
23. The accompanying figure illustrates a spreadsheet feature called
____________________, which de-
picts data in graphical form.
ANS: charting
PTS: 1
REF: 152
24. A(n) ____________________ chart, such as that in the accompanying
figure, shows a trend during a
period of time, as indicated by a rising or falling line.
ANS: line
PTS: 1
REF: 152
25. A(n) ____________________ chart, such as that in the accompanying
figure, displays bars of various
lengths to show the relationship of data.
ANS: column
PTS: 1
REF: 152
26. A(n) ____________________ chart, such as that in the accompanying
figure, has a round shape cut
into slices and shows the relationship of parts to a whole.
ANS: pie
PTS: 1
REF: 152
27. In a database, each row, called a(n) ____________________, contains
data about a given person,
product, object, or event.
ANS: record
PTS: 1
REF: 153
28. Using ____________________ software, you can add, change, delete,
sort, and retrieve data.
ANS: database
PTS: 1
REF: 153
29. Users with an artistic ability can create their own graphics using
paint/image editing software and then
____________________ (bring in) the graphics into a presentation
software slide.
ANS: import
PTS: 1
REF: 155
30. Software ____________________ offer two major advantages: lower
cost and ease of use.
ANS: suites
PTS: 1
REF: 156
31. Audio editing software usually includes ____________________, which
are designed to enhance au-
dio quality.
ANS: filters
PTS: 1
REF: 162
32. ____________________ software provides standard contracts and
documents associated with buying,
selling, and renting property; estate planning; marriage and divorce;
and preparing a will or living
trust.
ANS: Legal
PTS: 1
REF: 167
33. Personal ____________________ software is software that helps home
and small business users create
newsletters, brochures, advertisements, postcards, greeting cards,
letterhead, business cards, banners,
calendars, logos, and Web pages.
ANS:
DTP
desktop publishing
DTP (desktop publishing)
desktop publishing (DTP)
PTS: 1
REF: 168
34. Personal ____________________ software is software that includes
various simplified tools, tailored
to meet the needs of the home and small business users, to draw
pictures, shapes, and other images.
ANS: paint/image editing
PTS: 1
REF: 168
35. Application software often includes an image ____________________,
which is a collection of clip
art and photographs.
ANS: gallery
PTS: 1
REF: 169
36. Popular ____________________ software includes encyclopedias,
dictionaries, health/medical guides,
and travel directories.
ANS: reference
PTS: 1
REF: 171
37. An e-mail program allows transmission of messages and files via
a(n) ____________________ such
as the Internet.
ANS: network
PTS: 1
REF: 174
38. ____________________ software real-time exchange of messages or
files with another online user.
ANS:
IM
Instant messaging
PTS: 1
REF: 174
39. ____________________ is the delivery of education via some
electronic method.
ANS:
E-learning
Electronic learning
PTS: 1
REF: 176
40. ____________________ typically consists of self-directed,
self-paced instruction on a topic.
ANS:
CBT
Computer-based training
CBT (Computer-based training)
Computer-based training (CBT)
WBT
Web-based training
WBT (Web-based training)
Web-based training (WBT)
PTS: 1
REF: 176
MATCHING
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or
definition.
a. Web browser
k. communications
b. aggregator
l. instant messaging
c. video conferencing
m. image editing
d. message board
n. photo editing
e. e-learning
o. personal finance
f. tax preparation
p. DL
g. FTP
q. online Help
h. newsreader
r. blogware
i. WBT
s. text messaging
j. chat rooms
t. e-mail
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Allows users to access and view Web pages on the Internet
Available free at portals on the Web and included with paid Internet
access service
Integrated in most mobile devices
Keeps track of changes made to Web sites by checking RSS feeds
Used to create time-stamped articles in a diary or journal format
Enables meeting between geographically separated people who use a
network such as the Internet to
transmit video/audio
Online area where users have written discussions
The electronic equivalent of a user manual
The delivery of education at one location while the learning takes
place at other locations
The delivery of education via some electronic method such as the
Internet, networks, or CDs/DVDs
Kind of software that determines where users are spending their money
Kind of software that creates and analyzes the user’s tax forms to
search for potential errors and de-
duction opportunities
Kind of software that provides the capabilities of paint software and
the ability to modify existing
graphics
Software often included with the purchase of a digital camera
A method of uploading and downloading files with other computers on the
Internet
Type of programs built into some e-mail programs and Web browsers
Integrated into some operating systems
Requires chat client software
Some of this kind of software is considered system software because it
works with hardware and trans-
mission media
When using this kind of product, students actively become involved in
the learning process
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
A
T
S
B
R
C
D
Q
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
174
174
174
174
174
174
174
175
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
P
E
O
F
M
N
G
H
L
J
K
I
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
176
176
162
167
161
162
174
174
174
174
174
176
ESSAY
1. Define the following five categories of software: packaged, custom,
Web application, open source, and
shareware.
ANS:
• Packaged software is mass-produced, copyrighted retail software that
meets the needs of a wide vari-
ety of users, not just a single user or company. Word processing and
spreadsheet software are ex-
amples of packaged software. Packaged software is available in retail
stores or on the Web.
• Custom software performs functions specific to a business or
industry. Sometimes a company cannot
find packaged software that meets its unique requirements. In this
case, the company may use pro-
grammers to develop tailor-made custom software, which usually costs
more than packaged software.
• A Web application is a Web site that allows users to access and
interact with software from any com-
puter or device that is connected to the Internet. Many Web sites
provide free access to their programs;
some charge a fee. Examples of Web applications include e-mail, word
processing, tax preparation,
and game programs.
• Open source software is software provided for use, modification, and
redistribution. This software
has no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification of
the software’s internal instruc-
tions and redistribution of the software. Open source software usually
can be downloaded from the In-
ternet, sometimes at no cost.
• Shareware is copyrighted software that is distributed at no cost for
a trial period. To use a shareware
program beyond that period, you send payment to the program developer.
Shareware developers trust
users to send payment if software use extends beyond the stated trial
period. In some cases, a scaled-
down version of the software is distributed free, and payment entitles
the use to the fully functional
product.
PTS: 1
REF: 142-143
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. Discuss what it means to develop a word-processing document. Include
explanations of editing and
formatting in your answer.
ANS:
With application software, such as word processing, users create, edit,
format, save, and print docu-
ments. During the process of developing a document, users likely will
switch back and forth among all
of these activities. When you create a document, you enter text or
numbers, insert images, and perform
other tasks using an input device such as a keyboard, mouse, or digital
pen. If you are using Microsoft
Office Word to design a flyer, for example, you are creating a
document. To edit a document means to
make changes to its existing content. Common editing tasks include
inserting, deleting, cutting, copy-
ing, and pasting. Inserting text involves adding text to a document.
Deleting text means that you are re-
moving text or other content. Cutting is the process of removing a
portion of the document and storing
it in a temporary storage location, sometimes called a clipboard. A
clipboard also contains items that
you copy (duplicate) in a document. Pasting is the process of
transferring an item from a clipboard to a
specific location in a document. When users format a document, they
change its appearance. Format-
ting is important because the overall look of a document significantly
can affect its ability to commu-
nicate clearly. Examples of formatting tasks are changing the font,
font size, or font style of text. A
font is a name assigned to a specific design of characters. Two basic
types of fonts are serif and sans
serif. A serif font has short decorative lines at the upper and lower
ends of the characters. Sans means
without. Thus, a sans serif font does not have the short decorative
lines at the upper and lower ends of
the characters. Cambria is an example of a serif font. Calibri is an
example of a sans serif font. Font
size indicates the size of the characters in a particular font. Font
size is gauged by a measurement sys-
tem called points. A single point is about 1/72 of an inch in height.
PTS: 1
REF: 149
TOP: Critical Thinking
3. Describe how spreadsheets like the one in the accompanying figure
are organized.
ANS:
A spreadsheet file is similar to a notebook that can contain more than
1,000 related individual work-
sheets. Data is organized vertically in columns and horizontally in
rows on each worksheet. Each
worksheet usually can have more than 16,000 columns and 1 million rows.
One or more letters identi-
fy each column, and a number identifies each row. Only a small fraction
of the columns and rows are
displayed on the screen at one time. Scrolling through the worksheet
displays different parts of it on
the screen. A cell is the intersection of a column and row. Each
worksheet has more than 17 billion
cells in which you can enter data. The spreadsheet software identifies
cells by the column and row in
which they are located. For example, the intersection of column B and
row 6 is referred to as cell B6.
Cells may contain three types of data: labels, values, and formulas.
The text, or label, entered in a cell
identifies the worksheet data and helps organize the worksheet. Using
descriptive labels, such as Total
Net Revenue and Total Expenditures, helps make a worksheet more
meaningful.
PTS: 1
REF: 150-151
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. List five different Excel functions and their arguments/purpose.
ANS:
Financial
FV (rate, number of periods, payment) Calculates the future value of an
investment
NPV (rate, range) Calculates the net present value of an investment
PMT (rate, number of periods, present value) Calculates the periodic
payment for an annuity
PV (rate, number of periods, payment) Calculates the present value of
an investment
RATE (number of periods, payment, present value) Calculates the
periodic interest rate of an annuity
Date and Time
DATE Returns the current date
NOW Returns the current date and time
TIME Returns the current time
Mathematical
ABS (number) Returns the absolute value of a number
INT (number) Rounds a number down to the nearest integer
LN (number) Calculates the natural logarithm of a number
LOG (number, base) Calculates the logarithm of a number to a specified
base
ROUND (number, number of digits) Rounds a number to a specified number
of digits
SQRT (number) Calculates the square root of a number
SUM (range) Calculates the total of a range of numbers
Statistical
AVERAGE (range) Calculates the average value of a range of numbers
COUNT (range) Counts how many cells in the range have numeric entries
MAX (range) Returns the maximum value in a range
MIN (range) Returns the minimum value in a range
STDEV (range) Calculates the standard deviation of a range of numbers
Logical
IF (logical test, value if true, value if false) Performs a test and
returns one value if the result of the
test is true and another value if the result is false
PTS: 1
REF: 152
TOP: Critical Thinking
5. Discuss what note taking software is and how it is used.
ANS:
Note taking software is application software that enables users to
enter typed text, handwritten com-
ments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page and then save the page
as part of a notebook. The
software can convert handwritten comments to typed text or store the
notes in handwritten form. Users
also can include audio recordings as part of their notes. Users find
note taking software convenient
during meetings, class lectures, conferences, in libraries, and other
settings that previously required a
pencil and tablet of paper for recording thoughts and discussions.
PTS: 1
REF: 156
TOP: Critical Thinking
6. Explain what personal finance software is, and how it differs from
accounting software.
ANS:
Personal finance software is a simplified accounting program that helps
home users and small
office/home office users balance their checkbooks, pay bills, track
personal income and expenses, set
up budgets, manage home inventory, track investments, and evaluate
financial plans. Personal finance
software helps determine where, and for what purpose, you are spending
money so you can manage
your finances. Reports can summarize transactions by category (such as
dining), by payee (such as the
electric company), or by time (such as the last two months). Financial
planning features include ana-
lyzing home and personal loans, preparing income taxes, and managing
retirement savings. Most of
these personal finance programs also offer a variety of online
services, which require access to the In-
ternet. For example, users can track investments online, compare
insurance rates from leading insur-
ance companies, and bank online. Online banking offers access to
account balances, provides bill pay-
ing services, and allows you to download monthly transactions and
statements from the Web directly
to your computer.
PTS: 1
REF: 166
TOP: Critical Thinking
CASE
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 1
Your friends know that you understand a lot about computers, both the
technical details of how they
operate as well as information about software. Lately, with all of the
concerns about copyright in-
fringement, friends have started to ask you about categories of
application software and what each
kind permits.
1. Christine is looking for desktop publishing software that is
available for no cost. She is not concerned
if the application is a scaled-down version of the fully functional
product. What category of software
will you recommend as a good match for her?
a. Web-based
c. custom
b. packaged
d. shareware
ANS:
d.
PTS: 1
REF: 143
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. DeRobb is looking for a spreadsheet program that is available at no
cost, but that also puts no restric-
tions on his use of it. If he wants to share it with a friend, or make
copies of it and distribute it, he
wants to be able to do so. What kind of software do you recommend he
should be looking at?
a. public-domain
c. custom
b. freeware
d. shareware
ANS:
a.
PTS: 1
REF: 143
TOP: Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 2
It looks like you are not done yet making recommendations to your
friends about software.
3. Balthazar is looking for accounting software for his new small
business. Which of the following could
you suggest for him?
a. IBM Organizer
c. Palm Desktop
b. SureTrak Project Manager
d. Intuit QuickBooks
ANS:
d.
PTS: 1
REF: 146
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Karen is looking for note taking software for her new Tablet PC.
Which of the following can she use?
a. Sage MAS 500
c. Corel Grafigo
b. Apropos Interaction Management Suite
d. PDF Converter PaperPort
ANS:
c.
PTS: 1
REF: 146
TOP: Critical Thinking
Chapter 7: Storage
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ____ holds data, instructions, and information for future use.
a. Storage
c. Throughput
b. Output
d. Input
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 352
2. ____ storage is the physical material on which a computer keeps
data, instructions, and information.
a. Primary
c. Tertiary
b. Secondary
d. all of the above
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 353
3. ____ is the number of bytes (characters) a storage medium can hold.
a. Resolution
c. Capacity
b. Dimensionality
d. Retention
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 354
4. A(n) ____ device is the computer hardware that records and/or
retrieves items to and from storage me-
dia.
a. concatenation
c. resolved
b. indexed
d. storage
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 354
5. The inflexible, circular platters on ____ disks use magnetic
particles to store data, instructions, and in-
formation on a disk’s surface.
a. hard
c. optical
b. digital
d. indexed
ANS: A
PTS: 1
6. Memory (chips) accesses items in ____.
a. nanoseconds
b. microseconds
ANS: A
PTS: 1
7. Storage devices access items in ____.
a. nanoseconds
b. microseconds
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 355
c. milliseconds
d. seconds
REF: 355
c. milliseconds
d. either B or C
REF: 355
8. The smallest unit of data a computer can process is a(n) ____.
a. cluster
c. bit
b. allocation unit
d. integer
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 355
9. Experts estimate that hard disks using perpendicular recording will
provide storage capacities about
____ times greater than disks that use longitudinal recording.
a. 3
c. 10
b. 7
d. 15
ANS: C
PTS: 1
10. Businesses use hard disks to store ____.
a. correspondence
b. contracts
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 356
c. customer orders and invoices
d. all of the above
REF: 356
11. ____ is the process of dividing a disk into tracks and sectors, so
the operating system can store and
locate data and information on the disk.
a. Indexing
c. Recording
b. Formatting
d. Elongating
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 357
12. A(n) ____ is made of aluminum, glass, or ceramic and is coated with
an alloy material that allows
items to be recorded magnetically on its surface.
a. sector
c. vector
b. read/write head
d. platter
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 357
13. All of the following are characteristics of hard disks EXCEPT ____.
a. write-protect notch
c. sectors and tracks
b. read/write head
d. capacity
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 357
14. On desktop computers, platters have a(n) ____ factor, or size, of
approximately 3.5 inches in diameter.
a. base
c. form
b. shape
d. dimensionality
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 358
15. A read/write ____ is the mechanism that reads and writes items in
the drive as it barely touches the
disk’s recording surface.
a. head
c. vector
b. index
d. notch
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 358
16. A(n) ____ is a duplicate of a file, program, or disk that can be
used in case the original is lost, dam-
aged, or destroyed.
a. cache
c. home site
b. backup
d. baseline
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 358
17. Access time for today’s hard disks range from ____.
a. 8 - 10 KBps
c. 3 - 12 ms
b. 3 - 12 MBps
d. 5,400 – 15,000 rpm
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 358
18. Depending on the type of hard disk, transfer rates range from ____.
a. 12 -24 MBps
c. 15 - 320 MBps
b. 125 - 200 KBps
d. 4,500 – 15,000 rpm
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 358
19. Some computers improve hard disk access time by using a disk ____,
which consists of memory chips
that store frequently accessed items.
a. warehouse
c. base
b. cache
d. home
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 359
20. A group of two or more integrated hard disks is called a(n) ____.
a. pocket
c. RAID
b. UFC
d. baseline
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 360
21. ____ devices are servers connected to a network with the sole
purpose of providing storage.
a. RAID
c. NAS
b. RAS
d. RAN
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 360
22. A(n) ____ hard drive is a self-contained unit that you insert in
and remove from a slot or USB port in a
device or a computer.
a. personal
c. USB
b. mini
d. removable
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 360
23. Devices including all of the following EXCEPT ____ often have
internal miniature hard disks.
a. laptops
c. digital cameras
b. media players
d. smart phones
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 361
24. Miniature hard disks have storage capacities that range from 1 GB
to ____.
a. 10 GB
c. 220 GB
b. 110 GB
d. 320 GB
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 361
25. A disk ____ consists of a special-purpose chip and electronic
circuits that control the transfer of data,
instructions, and information from a disk to and from the system bus
and other components in the
computer.
a. controller
c. indexer
b. router
d. tablet
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 361
26. An advantage of portable hard disks and removable hard disks is
that users can ____.
a. transport a large number of files
b. add storage space to a notebook computer or Tablet PC
c. easily store large audio and video files
d. all of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 361
27. Current ____ have storage capacities of 16 GB to 256 GB and more.
a. optical pens
c. access drives
b. SSDs
d. UMXs
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 363
28. A(n) ____ flash memory card has a storage capacity of 1 GB to 16 GB.
a. CompactFlash
c. Secure Digital
b. Memory Stick PRO Duo
d. xD Picture Card
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 365
29. A(n) ____ flash memory card has a storage capacity of 512 MB to 8
GB.
a. CompactFlash
c. Secure Digital
b. Memory Stick PRO Duo
d. xD Picture Card
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 365
30. Common types of flash memory cards include ____.
a. CompactFlash (CF)
c. xD Picture Card
b. Secure Digital (SD) and Memory Stick
d. all of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 365
31. The cost of an 16 GB CompactFlash card is the same as a ____ GB
external hard disk.
a. 100
c. 640
b. 250
d. 1020
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 365
32. A card ____ is a device that reads data, instructions, and
information stored on flash memory cards.
a. access stick
c. access port
b. reader/writer
d. restorer
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 365
33. A(n) ____ smart drive is a special type of USB flash drive that
includes preinstalled software accessed
through a Windows-type interface.
a. U1
c. U3
b. U2
d. U4
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 367
34. As shown in the accompanying figure, a(n) ____ drive is a flash
memory storage device that plugs in a
USB port on a computer or portable device.
a. ATM
c. thumb
b. smart
d. thin
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 367
35. If the computer has an internal hard disk (drive C) and a DVD drive
(drive D) and no other disk drives,
what drive will the USB flash drive like the one shown in the
accompanying figure probably be?
a. A
c. E
b. B
d. None of the above
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 367
36. Current USB flash drives like the one in the accompanying figure
have transfer rates of ____.
a. 2 MBps
c. 12 MBps
b. 4 MBps
d. 20 MBps
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 367
37. ExpressCard modules can be used to add all of the following EXCEPT
____ capabilities to a com-
puter.
a. memory
c. printing
b. storage
d. communications
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 367
38. ____ storage is an Internet service that provides storage to
computer users.
a. Encrypted
c. Cloud
b. Shared
d. Net
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 368
39. Many cloud storage providers offer ____.
a. encryption
b. Web applications
ANS: D
PTS: 1
c. passwords
d. all of the above
REF: 368
40. Google Docs is a cloud storage provider for all of the following
EXCEPT ____.
a. spreadsheets
c. e-mail messages
b. presentations
d. documents
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 368
41. Users subscribe to a cloud storage service like the kind advertised
in the accompanying figure to ____.
a. save time by storing large files instantaneously
b. allow others to access files
c. store offsite backups of data
d. all of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 369
42. Some cloud storage services charge an additional per ____ fee for
data transferred to and from the
cloud storage service.
a. megabyte
c. petabyte
b. terabyte
d. gigabyte
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 369
43. A(n) ____ disc is a type of storage media that consists of a flat,
round, portable disc made of metal,
plastic, and lacquer that is written and read by a laser.
a. magnetic
c. laser-ready
b. solid-state
d. optical
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 370
44. Optical discs like the kind shown in the accompanying figure
usually are ____ than one-twentieth of
an inch thick.
a. 3.5 inches in diameter and less
c. 3.5 inches in diameter and more
b. 4.75 inches in diameter and less
d. 4.75 inches in diameter and more
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 370
45. The drive designation of an optical disc drive, into which the disc
shown in the accompanying figure
would fit, usually ____.
a. precedes alphabetically before that of all the hard disks
b. comes alphabetically between that of the hard disks
c. follows alphabetically after that of all the hard disks
d. none of the above
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 370
46. Optical discs like the one in the accompanying figure commonly
store items in ____.
a. random locations anywhere between the center of the disc and the
edge of the disc
b. multiple pie-shaped sections that break a track into arcs
c. a single track that spirals from the center of the disc to the edge
of the disc
d. multiple concentric tracks from the center of the disc to the edge
of the disc
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 371
47. All of the following may scratch or damage an optical disc EXCEPT
____.
a. holding a disk by its edges
c. touching the underside of a disc
b. stacking disks
d. exposing disks to any type of contaminant
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 371
48. Place a CD or DVD in its protective case, called a(n) ____ box,
when it is not being used.
a. ROM
c. sector
b. jewel
d. ultimate
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 371
49. A(n) ____ is a type of optical disc that users can read but not
write or erase.
a. CD-R
c. DVD-ROM
b. CD-RW
d. DVD-RW
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 372
50. A standard CD-ROM is called a ____ disc because manufacturers write
all items on the disc at one
time.
a. multisession
c. unisession
b. single-session
d. compound-session
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 372
51. A typical CD-ROM holds from ____ of data, instructions, and
information.
a. 450 MB - 650 MB
c. 650 GB - 950 GB
b. 45 MB - 100 MB
d. 650 MB - 1 GB
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 372
52. Manufacturers measure the speed of all optical disc drives relative
to the original CD-ROM drive, us-
ing an X to denote the original transfer rate of 150 ____.
a. KBps (kilobytes per second)
c. GBps (gigabytes per second)
b. MBps (megabytes per second)
d. TBps (terabytes per second)
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 373
53. Current CD-ROM drives have transfer rates ranging from ____.
a. 4X - 8X
c. 48X - 75X
b. 24X - 48X
d. 100X and faster
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 373
54. A ____ overcomes the major disadvantage of CD-R disks, which is
being able to write on them only
once.
a. CD-ROM
c. CD-RW
b. DVD-ROM
d. DVD-R
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 373
55. Manufacturers state the speeds of CD-RW drives in this order: ____.
a. rewrite speed, write speed, and read speed
b. write speed, read speed, and rewrite speed
c. read speed, rewrite speed, and write speed
d. write speed, rewrite speed, and read speed
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 373
56. Instead of using CD-R, many users opt for ____, which is an
erasable multisession disc users can write
on multiple times.
a. CD-W
b. CD-WR
ANS: C
c. CD-RW
d. CD-X
PTS: 1
REF: 373
57. A(n) ____ is a multisession optical disc on which users can write
but not erase their own items such as
text, graphics, and audio.
a. CD-R
c. CD-RW
b. CD-W
d. CD-RWR
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 373
58. ____ means you can write on one part of a disc at one time and
another part at a later time.
a. Indexed
c. Multipart MIME
b. Multisession
d. S-MIME
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 373
59. To write on a CD-RW disc, users must have CD-RW software and a
CD-RW ____.
a. port
c. drive
b. bus
d. shell
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 373
60. A Kodak ____ CD is a type of CD-ROM that stores digital versions of
a single roll of film using a jpg
file format.
a. Picture
c. Optical
b. Image
d. Graphics
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 374
61. The storage capacity of a DVD-ROM is ____ that of a CD because
images are stored at higher resolu-
tions.
a. greater than a CD, and a DVD’s quality far surpasses
b. less than a CD, but a DVD’s quality far surpasses
c. greater than a CD, but a DVD’s quality is far less than
d. less than a CD, and a DVD’s quality is far less than
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 375
62. A storage technique that a DVD-ROM can use to achieve a higher
storage capacity than a CD-ROM is
to ____.
a. make the disc more dense by packing the pits closer together
b. use two layers of pits
c. be double-sided
d. all of the above
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 375
63. A(n) ____ is a high-capacity optical disc on which users can read
but not write or erase.
a. DVD-RW
c. DVD-R
b. DVD-ROM
d. Blu-ray
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 375
64. A DVD ____ is a drive that usually can read audio CDs, CD-ROMs,
CD-Rs, and CD-RWs, in addition
to DVD-ROMs.
a. player
c. port
b. bridge
d. bus
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 375
65. With future technology, a(n) ____ potentially will contain up to 20
layers, each with a capacity of 5
GB.
a. HD VMD
c. High-Def
b. Blu-ray
d. HD-DVD
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 375
66. A newer, expensive type of disk, called a(n) ____, has storage
capacities up to 100 GB, with expecta-
tions of exceeding 200 GB in the future.
a. DVD-RW
c. CD-ROM
b. DVD-ROM
d. BD-ROM
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 375
67. All of the following are competing rewritable DVD formats except
____.
a. DVD-RW
c. DVD+RAM
b. DVD+R
d. DVD+RW
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 376
68. ____ is a high-capacity rewritable DVD format.
a. DD DVD-R
c. CD DVD-R
b. BD-RE
d. UMD DVD-R
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 376
69. Tape ____.
a. no longer is used as a primary method of storage but is used most
often for long-term stor-
age and backup
b. is used as a primary method of storage and for long-term storage and
backup
c. no longer is used for long-term storage and backup but is used most
often as a primary
method of storage
d. no longer is used as a primary method of storage or for long-term
storage and backup
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 376
70. All of the following use direct access except ____.
a. CDs
c. tape
b. DVDs
d. hard disks
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 376
71. ____ is a magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing
large amounts of data and informa-
tion at a low cost.
a. Tape
c. Indexed data
b. Opticon
d. Threaded memory
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 376
72. Comparable to a tape recorder, a tape ____ reads and writes data
and information on a tape.
a. reader
c. port
b. drive
d. adapter
ANS: B
PTS: 1
REF: 376
73. A tape ____ is a small, rectangular, plastic housing for tape.
a. backup
c. cartridge
b. sleeve
d. envelope
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 376
74. On larger computers, tape cartridges are mounted in a separate
cabinet called a tape ____.
a. farm
c. library
b. storage unit
d. box
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 376
75. Tape storage requires ____ access, which refers to reading or
writing data consecutively.
a. consequential
c. inferential
b. tangential
d. sequential
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 376
76. One popular use of ____ is to store a prepaid amount of money, as
in a prepaid telephone calling card.
a. smart cards
c. ExpressCards
b. floppy disks
d. hard disks
ANS: A
PTS: 1
REF: 377
77. A(n) ____ card, which is similar in size to a credit card or ATM
card, stores data on a thin micropro-
cessor embedded in the card.
a. tool
c. view
b. micro
d. smart
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 377
78. ____ is a small sheet of film, usually about 4 inches by 6 inches,
that stores microscopic images of
documents.
a. Microfilm
c. Microfiche
b. Microtape
d. Microsheet
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 378
79. A computer output ____ recorder is the device that records images
on microfilm.
a. microtape
c. microsheet
b. microfiche
d. microfilm
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 378
80. The use of microfilm and microfiche provides all of the following
advantages except ____.
a. they greatly reduce the amount of paper firms must handle
b. they are inexpensive
c. they have the longest life of any storage media
d. they can be read without a microfilm or microfiche reader
ANS: D
PTS: 1
REF: 378
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
Modified Multiple Choice
1. When a processor requests ____ from the hard disk, the hard disk
first checks the disk cache.
a. output
c. instructions
b. data
d. information
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 359
2. Which of the following is a value for the disk cache contained by
hard disks today?
a. 4 MB
c. 12 MB
b. 4 GB
d. 12 GB
ANS: A, C
PTS: 1
REF: 359
3. To prevent the loss of items stored on a hard disk, preventive
maintenance should be performed regu-
larly, such as ____.
a. defragmenting
b. removing contaminants from the hard disk platter
c. scanning the disk for errors
d. rotating the hard disk platters
ANS: A, C
PTS: 1
REF: 362
4. The ____ interface uses parallel signals to transfer data,
instructions, and information.
a. SATA
c. SCSI
b. EIDE
d. USP
ANS: B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 361-362
5. Some solid state drives have form factors of ____.
a. 1.8 inch
c. 3.5 inch
b. 2.5 inch
d. 5.25 inch
ANS: A, B, C
PTS: 1
REF: 363
6. The fact that ____ is an example of an advantage of SSDs over
magnetic hard disks.
a. access times of SSDs are about 0.1 ms
b. SSDs will last more than 50 years
c. SSD transfer rates range from 80 to 100 MBps
d. SSDs generate less heat and consume less power than hard disks
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 363
7. To ____ images and information stored on memory cards, its contents
must be transferred to a desktop
computer or other device.
a. view
c. edit
b. rasterize
d. print
ANS: A, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 365
8. Card readers/writers usually connect to the ____ port on the system
unit.
a. AGP
c. parallel
b. USB
ANS: B, D
d. FireWire
PTS: 1
9. Most DVD-ROM drives can read ____.
a. audio CDs
b. CD-Rs
ANS: A, B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 366
c. CD-ROMs
d. CD-RWs
REF: 375
10. Smart cards contain a processor and have ____ capability.
a. communications
c. input
b. output
d. storage
ANS: B, C, D
PTS: 1
REF: 377
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. When storage devices write data on storage media, they are creating
input.
_________________________
ANS: F, output
PTS: 1
REF: 354-355
2. When storage devices read data from storage media, they function as
a source of output.
_________________________
ANS: F, input
PTS: 1
REF: 355
3. The access time of storage devices is fast, compared with the access
time of memory.
_________________________
ANS: F, slow
PTS: 1
REF: 355
4. One file on a disc can span many form factors.
_________________________
ANS: F, clusters
PTS: 1
REF: 358
5. SSDs have a lower failure rate than hard disks.
_________________________
ANS: F, higher
PTS: 1
REF: 363
6. Some optical discs are double-sided. _________________________
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 370
7. Optical discs store items by using microscopic lands (indentations)
that are in the middle layer of the
disc. _________________________
ANS: F, pits
PTS: 1
REF: 370
8. On an optical disc, a land causes light to reflect, which is read as
binary digit 0.
_________________________
ANS: F, 1
PTS: 1
REF: 371
9. As with a hard disk, the single track on an optical disc is divided
into variably sized sectors on which
items are stored. _________________________
ANS: F, evenly
PTS: 1
REF: 371
10. A DVD-RW is a high-capacity optical disc on which users can read
but not write or erase.
_________________________
ANS: F, DVD-ROM
PTS: 1
REF: 375
TRUE/FALSE
1. When a user issues a command to start application software, the
operating system locates the program
in memory and loads it into storage.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 352
2. Storage requirements among all kinds of users are exactly the same.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 353
3. Current personal computer hard disks typically have storage
capacities of less than 20 GB.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 355
4. A hard disk’s platters typically continue to spin even after power
is removed from the computer.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 358
5. A hard disk platter’s spinning motion creates a cushion of air above
the read/write head, which ensures
that the read/write head makes contact with the platter surface instead
of floating above the platter.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 358
6. Although current internal hard disks are built to withstand shocks
and are sealed tightly to keep out
contaminants, head crashes still occur.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 358
7. Depending on the type of hard disk, transfer rates normally range
from 2 MBps to 8 MBps.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 358
8. The greater the disk cache, the slower the hard disk.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 359
9. Removable hard disks have storage capacities up to 500 GB.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 360
10. External or removable hard disks like the ones in the accompanying
figure transfer data at much faster
rates than internal hard disks.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 361
11. Depending on the device, manufacturers claim memory cards can last
from 10 to 100 years.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 365
12. Memory cards are quite inexpensive compared to other storage media.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 365
13. A Secure Digital card has a storage capacity of 64 MB to 8 GB.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 365
14. The type of memory card you have will determine the type of card
reader/writer needed.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 366
15. A CompactFlash card has a maximum storage capacity of 32 GB.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 365
16. Some users choose cloud storage instead of storing data locally on
a hard disk or other media.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 368
17. Types of services offered by cloud storage providers are the same
from provider to provider.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 368
18. One reason users store data and information using cloud storage is
to view time-critical data and im-
ages immediately while away from a main office or location.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 369
19. Users who subscribe to disk-based storage like the kind advertised
in the accompanying figure can
save on the Internet hard disk in the same manner they save on their
local hard disk.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 369
20. Cloud storage is available for all sizes of users, with various
degrees of storage services available for
home and business users.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 369
21. Smaller computers and devices cannot use optical storage discs.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 370
22. Optical discs should be stored in a flat (horizontal) position.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 371
23. Manufacturers claim that a properly cared for CD or DVD will last 5
years, but could last up to 250
years.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 371
24. You can erase a DVD+R.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 372
25. You can read, write, and erase a DVD-R.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 372
26. Manufacturers write, or record, the contents of standard CD-ROMs,
and users only can read the con-
tents of these discs.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 372
27. Because audio CDs and CD-ROMs use different laser technologies, a
CD-ROM drive cannot be used
to listen to an audio CD while working on the computer.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 372
28. A 52X CD-ROM drive has a data transfer rate of 7.2 MBps.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 373
29. The speed of a CD-ROM drive has no effect on how fast it installs
programs or accesses the disc.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 373
30. Faster CD-ROM drives are less expensive than slower drives.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 373
31. Each part of a CD-R can be written on multiple times, and the
disc’s contents can be erased.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 373
32. A popular use of CD-RW and CD-R discs is to create audio CDs.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 373
33. Some operating systems, such as Windows Vista, include the
capability of lasering discs.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 373
34. Current CD-RW drives have write speeds of 128X or more.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 373
35. Many film developers offer Picture CD service for customers when
they drop off film to be developed.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 374
36. Most optical disc drives can read a Picture CD.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 374
37. You can erase a DVD-ROM.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 375
38. DVD-ROM drives can read DVDs at speeds of 52X or more.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 375
39. Although the size and the shape of CD-ROM and DVD-ROM are
different, a DVD-ROM stores data,
instructions, and information in exactly the same manner and thus
achieves the same storage capacity.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 375
40. All DVD-ROMs are single-sided.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 375
41. DVD-R and DVD+R are competing DVD-recordable formats.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 376
42. Rewritable drives usually can read a variety of DVD and CD media.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 376
43. Instead of recordable DVDs, most users work with reformattable DVDs.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 376
44. Although older computers used tape cartridges, today’s computers
use reel-to-reel tape drives.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 376
45. Tape cartridges that contain quarter-inch-wide tape are slightly
smaller than audiocassette tapes.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 376
46. Some personal computers have external tape units.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 376
47. When writing or reading specific data, direct access is much slower
than sequential access.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 376
48. A computer output microfilm recorder is the device that records the
images on microfiche.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 378
49. The images stored on microfilm and microfiche are so large that
they can be read without a microfilm
or microfiche reader.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
REF: 378
50. To meet their large-scale needs, enterprises use special hardware
geared for heavy use.
ANS: T
PTS: 1
REF: 379
COMPLETION
1. To start up, a computer locates an operating system in storage and
loads it into
____________________.
ANS: memory
PTS: 1
REF: 352
2. Examples of ____________________ are hard disks, solid state drives,
memory cards, USB flash
drives, ExpressCard modules, optical discs, smart cards, and microfilm.
ANS: storage media
PTS: 1
REF: 353
3. Of microfiche, Express Cards, memory, and hard disks, all are
examples of nonvolatile storage media
except ____________________.
ANS: memory
PTS: 1
REF: 354
4. ____________________ is the process of transferring data,
instructions, and information from
memory to a storage medium.
ANS: Writing
PTS: 1
REF: 354
5. ____________________ is the process of transferring data,
instructions, and information from a stor-
age medium into memory.
ANS: Reading
PTS: 1
REF: 354
6. ____________________ time measures the amount of time it takes a
storage device to locate an item
on a storage medium.
ANS: Access
PTS: 1
REF: 355
7. ____________________ rate is the speed with which data,
instructions, and information transfer to
and from a device.
ANS: Transfer
PTS: 1
REF: 355
8. Storage devices access items in ____________________.
ANS:
milliseconds
thousandths of a second
microseconds
millionths of a second
PTS: 1
REF: 355
9. Transfer rates for storage are stated in ____________________, MBps,
and GBps.
ANS:
KBps
kilobytes per second
kilobytes per second (KBps)
KBps (kilobytes per second)
PTS: 1
REF: 355
10. With respect to a storage medium, the term ____________________
means users can remove the me-
dium from one computer and carry it to another computer.
ANS: portable
PTS: 1
REF: 355
11. The hard disk that is mounted inside the system unit sometimes is
called a(n) ____________________
disk.
ANS: fixed
PTS: 1
REF: 355
12. Traditionally, hard disks stored data using ____________________
recording, which aligned the mag-
netic particles horizontally around the surface of the disk.
ANS: longitudinal
PTS: 1
REF: 356
13. If a personal computer has only one hard disk, it is designated as
drive ____________________.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
REF: 356
14. Experts estimate that hard disks using ____________________
recording will provide storage capacit-
ies about 10 times greater than disks that use longitudinal recording.
ANS: perpendicular
PTS: 1
REF: 356
15. With ____________________ recording, hard disks align the magnetic
particles vertically, making
much greater storage capacities possible.
ANS: perpendicular
PTS: 1
REF: 356
16. A(n) ____________________ is a narrow recording band that forms a
full circle on the surface of the
disk.
ANS: track
PTS: 1
REF: 357
17. A disk’s storage locations consist of pie-shaped sections, which
break the tracks into small arcs called
____________________.
ANS: sectors
PTS: 1
REF: 357
18. A(n) ____________________ unit is the smallest unit of disk space
that stores data and information.
ANS: allocation
PTS: 1
REF: 357
19. Current personal computer hard disks like the one shown in the
accompanying figure have storage ca-
pacities from 160 GB to 1.5 ____________________ and more.
ANS:
TB
terabyte
terabyte (TB)
TB (terabyte)
PTS: 1
REF: 355
20. A(n) ____________________ on a hard disk, such as that shown in the
accompanying figure, is made
of aluminum, glass, or ceramic and is coated with an alloy material
that allows items to be recorded
magnetically on its surface.
ANS: platter
PTS: 1
REF: 357
21. On a hard disk like that shown in the accompanying figure, a(n)
____________________ is a vertical
section of track that passes through all platters on a hard disk.
ANS: cylinder
PTS: 1
REF: 358
22. While the computer is running, the platters in a hard disk (such as
that shown in the accompanying fig-
ure) usually rotate at 5,400 to 15,000 ____________________, which
allows nearly instant access to
all tracks and sectors.
ANS:
revolutions per minute
rpm
revolutions per minute (rpm)
rpm (revolutions per minute)
PTS: 1
REF: 358
23. A(n) ____________________ occurs when a read/write head touches the
surface of a hard disk platter,
such as that shown in the accompanying figure, usually resulting in a
loss of data and sometimes loss
of the entire drive.
ANS: head crash
PTS: 1
REF: 358
24. As shown on the top in the accompanying figure, a(n)
____________________ hard disk is a separate
free-standing hard disk that connects with a cable to a USB port or
FireWire port on the system unit.
ANS: external
PTS: 1
REF: 360
25. As shown on the bottom in the accompanying figure, a(n)
____________________ hard disk is a hard
disk that users insert and remove from either a dock or drive.
ANS: removable
PTS: 1
REF: 360
26. ____________________ uses serial signals to transfer data,
instructions, and information.
ANS:
SATA
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)
SAS
Serial-attached SCSI
SAS (serial-attached SCSI)
Serial-attached SCSI (SAS)
PTS: 1
REF: 361-362
27. ____________________ is a hard disk interface that can support up
to four hard disks at 137 GB per
disk.
ANS:
EIDE
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics
EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics)
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE)
PTS: 1
REF: 361
28. The primary advantage of the ____________________ interface is the
cables are thinner, longer, more
flexible, and less susceptible to interference.
ANS:
SATA
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)
PTS: 1
REF: 361
29. Flash memory cards are a type of ____________________ media, which
means they consist entirely
of electronics and contain no moving parts.
ANS: solid state
PTS: 1
REF: 362
30. The ____________________ is a hard disk interface that can support
up to eight or fifteen peripheral
devices.
ANS:
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
PTS: 1
REF: 362
31. Some manufacturers market their ____________________ interfaces as
Fast ATA or Ultra ATA.
ANS:
EIDE
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics
EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics)
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE)
PTS: 1
REF: 362
32. ____________________ storage like the kind advertised in the
accompanying figure is an Internet ser-
vice that provides hard disk storage to computer users.
ANS: Cloud
PTS: 1
REF: 368
33. ____________________ modules commonly are used in notebook
computers.
ANS: ExpressCard
PTS: 1
REF: 367
34. A(n) ____________________ module is a removable flash memory device
that fits in an ExpressCard
slot.
ANS: ExpressCard
PTS: 1
REF: 367
35. The process of writing on an optical disc is called
____________________.
ANS: burning
PTS: 1
REF: 373
36. The process of copying audio and/or video data from a purchased
disc and saving it on digital media is
called ____________________.
ANS: ripping
PTS: 1
REF: 373
37. A mini-DVD that has grown in popularity is the
____________________, which has a diameter of
about 2.4 inches and can store up to 1.8 GB of games, movies, or music.
ANS:
Universal Media Disc
UMD
UMD (Universal Media Disc)
Universal Media Disc (UMD)
PTS: 1
REF: 375
38. A mini-DVD that has grown in popularity is the
____________________, which works specifically
with the PlayStation Portable handheld game console.
ANS:
UMD
Universal Media Disc
UMD (Universal Media Disc)
Universal Media Disc (UMD)
PTS: 1
REF: 375
39. ____________________ access means that a device can locate a
particular data item or file immedi-
ately, without having to move consecutively through items stored in
front of the desired item or file.
ANS:
Direct
Random
PTS: 1
REF: 376
40. One of the first storage media used with mainframe computers was
____________________.
ANS: tape
PTS: 1
MATCHING
REF: 376
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or
definition.
a. capacity
k. memory cards
b. backup
l. sectors
c. density
m. CD-RW
d. RAID
n. SCSI
e. NAS
o. cylinder
f. EIDE
p. transfer rate
g. SAS
q. hard disk
h. SSD
r. volatile
i. USB flash drive
s. system unit
j. cloud
t. direct
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. Kind of interface that has transfer rates up to 640 MBps
12. The operating system marks bad ones as unusable when a disk is
formatted
13. Contains at least one hard disk on most desktop computers
14. Enclosed in an airtight, sealed case to protect it from
contamination
15. Used in descriptions of a storage device’s capabilities sometimes,
instead of access time
16. A duplicate of a file, program, or disk placed in a separate
storage medium
17. Describes a storage medium in which items are held only temporarily
18. The number of bits in an area on a storage medium
19. A group of two or more integrated hard disks
20. Some home or small business users opt to add up to 6 TB or more of
hard disk storage space to their
network with this kind of device
The location of a hard disk’s read/write heads is often referred
to by this
A hard disk that uses parallel signals to transfer data,
instructions, and information
The number of bytes a storage medium can hold
Its reliability tends to diminish with each successive rewrite
A newer type of SCSI that uses serial signals to transfer data,
instructions, and information
A storage device that typically uses flash memory to store data,
instructions, and information
Another name for random access
Kind of storage that is an Internet service providing storage to
computer users
Some printers have slots to read these
Also called a thumb drive
1. ANS:
2. ANS:
3. ANS:
4. ANS:
5. ANS:
6. ANS:
7. ANS:
8. ANS:
9. ANS:
10. ANS:
11. ANS:
12. ANS:
13. ANS:
14. ANS:
15. ANS:
16. ANS:
17. ANS:
N
L
S
Q
P
B
R
C
D
E
O
F
A
M
G
H
T
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
362
357
355
355
355
358
354
359
360
360
358
361
354
373
362
363
376
18. ANS: J
19. ANS: K
20. ANS: I
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
PTS: 1
REF: 368
REF: 365
REF: 367
CASE
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 1
In all of the advertisements for personal computers, vendors usually
state the type of hard disk inter-
face supported by the hard disk controller, so it is important that you
understand the types of available
hard disk interfaces, so you can make the most informed choice possible.
1. You are in the market for a disk controller that will support a high
number of peripheral devices. What
disk controller will do the trick?
a. EIDE
c. SATA
b. SCSI
d. USB
ANS:
b.
PTS: 1
REF: 362
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. After more consideration, you have decided that what you want most
is an interface that is less sus-
ceptible to interference. Which of the following is your best bet in
this regard?
a. SATA
c. EIDE
b. SCSI
d. USB
ANS:
a.
PTS: 1
REF: 361
TOP: Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 2
You’ve begun work as a consultant to individuals and businesses, making
recommendations to them
about the kinds of systems they should buy and what equipment they
should have.
3. Aaron is a user who travels extensively. Which of the following is
he NOT likely to need?
a. cloud storage
c. 2.5 TB hard disk
b. portable hard disk for backup
d. USB flash drive
ANS:
c.
PTS: 1
REF: 380
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Sayed is a CAD operator at a manufacturing facility. What is a good
recommendation for the size of
his hard disk?
a. 250 GB
c. 100 GB
b. 500 GB
d. 2.5 TB
ANS:
d.
PTS: 1
REF: 380
TOP: Critical Thinking
ESSAY
1. Discuss how the speed of storage devices and memory is defined.
ANS:
The speed of storage devices and memory is defined by access time.
Access time measures
(1) the amount of time it takes a storage device to locate an item on a
storage medium or (2) the time
required to deliver an item from memory to the processor. The access
time of storage devices is slow,
compared with the access time of memory. Memory (chips) accesses items
in billionths of a second
(nanoseconds). Storage devices, by contrast, access items in
thousandths of a second (milliseconds) or
millionths of a second (microseconds). Instead of, or in addition to
access time, some manufacturers
state a storage device’s transfer rate because it affects access time.
Transfer rate is the speed with
which data, instructions, and information transfer to and from a
device. Transfer rates for storage are
stated in KBps (kilobytes per second) and MBps (megabytes per second).
PTS: 1
REF: 355
TOP: Critical Thinking
2. Explain the difference between perpendicular and longitudinal
recording.
ANS:
Current personal computer hard disks have storage capacities from 160
GB to 1.5 TB and more. Tradi-
tionally, hard disks stored data using longitudinal recording, which
aligned the magnetic particles hori-
zontally around the surface of the disk. With perpendicular recording,
by contrast, hard disks align the
magnetic particles vertically, or perpendicular to the disk’s surface,
making much greater storage capa-
cities possible. Experts estimate that hard disks using perpendicular
recording will provide storage ca-
pacities about 10 times greater than disks that use longitudinal
recording.
PTS: 1
REF: 356
TOP: Critical Thinking
3. Explain what must happen before any data can be read from or written
on a hard disk, making sure to
define all relevant terminology.
ANS:
Before any data can be read from or written on a hard disk, the disk
must be formatted. Formatting is
the process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors, so the
operating system can store and locate
data and information on the disk. A track is a narrow recording band
that forms a full circle on the sur-
face of the disk. The disk’s storage locations consist of pie-shaped
sections, which break the tracks
into small arcs called sectors. On a magnetic disk, a sector typically
stores up to 512 bytes of data. For
reading and writing purposes, sectors are grouped into clusters. A
cluster is the smallest unit of disk
space that stores data and information. Each cluster, also called an
allocation unit, consists of two to
eight sectors (the number varies depending on the operating system).
Even if a file consists of only a
few bytes, it uses an entire cluster. Each cluster holds data from only
one file. One file, however, can
span many clusters.
PTS: 1
REF: 357
TOP: Critical Thinking
4. Discuss the use of tape historically and today, and define the two
forms of access as part of the answer.
ANS:
One of the first storage media used with mainframe computers was tape.
Tape is a magnetically coated
ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and
information at a low cost. Tape no
longer is used as a primary method of storage. Instead, business users
utilize tape most often for long-
term storage and backup. Comparable to a tape recorder, a tape drive
reads and writes data and inform-
ation on a tape. Although older computers used reel-to-reel tape
drives, today’s tape drives use tape
cartridges. A tape cartridge is a small, rectangular, plastic housing
for tape. Tape cartridges that con-
tain quarter-inch-wide tape are slightly larger than audiocassette
tapes. Business users sometimes back
up personal computer hard disks to tape, often using an external tape
drive. On larger computers, tape
cartridges are mounted in a separate cabinet called a tape library.
Transfer rates of tape drives range
from 1.25 MBps to 6 MBps. Tape storage requires sequential access,
which refers to reading or writing
data consecutively. As with a music tape, you must forward or rewind
the tape to a specific point to ac-
cess a specific piece of data. For example, to access item W requires
passing through points A through
V sequentially. Hard disks, CDs, and DVDs all use direct access. Direct
access, also called random ac-
cess, means that the device can locate a particular data item or file
immediately, without having to
move consecutively through items stored in front of the desired data
item or file. When writing or
reading specific data, direct access is much faster than sequential
access.
PTS: 1
REF: 376
TOP: Critical Thinking
5. Explain what disk caching is.
ANS:
Hard disks improve their access time by using disk caching. Disk cache
(pronounced cash), sometimes
called a buffer, consists of a memory chip(s) on a hard disk that
stores frequently accessed items such
as data, instructions, and information. Disk cache and memory cache
work in a similar fashion. When
a processor requests data, instructions, or information from the hard
disk, the hard disk first checks its
disk cache — before moving any mechanical parts to access the platters.
If the requested item is in
disk cache, the hard disk sends it to the processor. If the hard disk
does not find the requested item in
the disk cache, then the processor must wait for the hard disk to
locate and transfer the item from the
disk to the processor. Hard disks today contain between 2 MB and 32 MB
of disk cache. The greater
the disk cache, the faster the hard disk.
PTS: 1
REF: 359
6. What is enterprise storage?
ANS:
TOP: Critical Thinking
A large business, commonly referred to as an enterprise, has hundreds
or thousands of employees in
offices across the country or around the world. Enterprises use
computers and computer networks to
manage and store huge volumes of data and information about customers,
suppliers, and employees.
To meet their large-scale needs, enterprises use special hardware
geared for heavy use, maximum
availability, and maximum efficiency. One or more servers on the
network have the sole purpose of
providing storage to connected users. For high-speed storage access,
entire networks are dedicated ex-
clusively to connecting devices that provide storage to other servers.
In an enterprise, some storage
systems can provide more than 185 terabytes (trillion bytes) of storage
capacity. An enterprise’s stor-
age needs usually grow daily. Thus, the storage solutions an enterprise
chooses must be able to store
its data and information requirements today and tomorrow.
PTS: 1
REF: 379
TOP: Critical Thinking
